Background of the Research
3 In using language there are some capabilities needed. In daily conversation
we also find some problems in using language. One of the most striking phenomena in a bilingual’s linguistic performance is the occurrence of the
seemingly random mixing of two languages, both within the two utterances, during a conversational exchange. This linguistic behavior not only attracts
scholarly attention but also raises questions about the various features which characterize language-mixing. As Troike in Wardhaugh says “In every human
being there are many codes and ways contained which can be used by the people to do their society play in role. On the whole codes and ways in speak called
communication repertoire.”
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By the existence of communication repertoire above, some people have choice in many kinds variety of language. People are usually selecting a particular
code whenever they choose to speak, and they also decide to switch one code or to create a new code. There are two kinds of code. They are code-switching where
people can use two languages in conversation by turns that depends entirely on the situation; and code-mixing where some people either use the elements from
one language in while they were spoken in one foreign language. Gal in Wardhaugh said that code-switching as a conversational strategy
used to establish, cross or destroy group’s boundaries; to create, evoke or change interpersonal relations with their rights and obligation.
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Code-switching also is the consequence of bilingualism or multilingualism. For example: An English
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Wardhaugh, Ronald. An Introduction to Sociolinguistic. 4
th
ed. Massachusetts: Blackwell Publisher. 2002. p. 51
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Wardhaugh, Ronald. Op.cit. 2002. p. 100
4 bilingual switches from English to French, e.g. The hotel, il est grand, is really
huge and unbelievable majestic. Nowadays, the ability to use second language besides Indonesian as our
mother language has increased. In this case, many Indonesian people use two languages or more in an utterance for any reasons and purposes. Code-switching
and code-mixing occur in a conversation between two people or more. Based on this theme, the writer is interested in analyzing code-switching occurred in a live
conversation or talk show because of its spontaneity. The writer chose to analyze code-switching and code-mixing in the conversation between Deddy Corbuzier,
Raline Shah, and Dewi Sandra in Hitam Putih talk show on Monday, November 18 2013, that discussed the actresses of 99 Cahaya Di Langit Eropa film.
The speakers in Hitam Putih talk show are fluent in English. Raline Shah, aside from working as actress and presenter, has a degree in Political Science and
New Media Communications from the National University of Singapore. Therefore her English skill is unquestionable. Dewi Sandra, on the other hand,
was born to an English father and an Indonesian mother. Aside from learning English from her family, as a performer, Dewi Sandra also learned English from
her career as a singer, presenter, model, and actress. Deddy Corbuzier also learned English from his career. He began working as a professional magician in Dunia
Fantasi when he was twelve years old, and he has conducted tours to many countries. For Raline Shah, Dewi Sandra, and Deddy Corbuzier, English is a
necessity to their career as performers. Therefore, it is not a surprise that English is their second language.
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