Prefix a- ə Prefix be- b

CHAPTER IV DESCRIPTIONS AND ANALYSIS

4.1 Prefixes in English

Basically, the English has more many prefixes than Batak Toba prefixes. However in this thesis, the writer analyze some of The English prefixes only which is usually used in daily conversation as mention bellow: a-, be-, dis-, en-, hyper-, out-, over-, mis-, re-, un-, and under-.

1. Prefix a- ə

Distribution Prefix a- can be attached to: a. Noun, such as board, shore, and top. Example: a- + board → aboard ə’bo:d a- + shore → ashore ə’ ∫ o: r a- + top → atop ə’tpp b. Verb, such as rise, wake, sleep. Example: a- + rise → arise ə’ra I z a- + wake → awake ə’we I k a- + sleep → asleep ə’sli:p c. Adjective, such as, flame, long, moral. Example: a- + flame → aflame əfle Ι m Universitas Sumatera Utara a- + long → along ə’lpβ a- + moral → amoral ,ə I ’mpr əl Form Prefix a- does not change the form of the word. Example: a- + wake → awake ə’we I k a- + board → aboard ə’bo:d Function Prefix a- has the function: a. To change the noun into verb. a- + Noun → Verb Example: a- + bed → abed ə’bet a- + ward → award ə’wo:d b. To change the noun into adjective. Example: a- + Noun → Adjective a- + board n → aboard adj. ə’bo:d a- + blaze n → ablaze adj. ə’ble I z Meaning The meaning implied by the prefix a- is: a. in, at, or, on Example: a- + shore → ashore in ə’ ∫ o: r Universitas Sumatera Utara a- + light → alight at ə’la I t a- + board → aboard on ə’bo:d in the state of, in the process of Example: a- + wash → awash in the process ə’wp ∫ a- + sleep → asleep ə’sli:p

2. Prefix be- b

Ι - Distribution Prefix be- can be attached to: a. Noun, such as, witch, lie, quest. Example: be- + witch → bewitch b Ι ’w I t ∫ be- + lie → belie b Ι ’ la I be- + quest → bequest b Ι ’ kwest b. Verb, such as, wail, stir, come. Example: be- + wail → bewail b Ι ’ we I l be- + stir → bestir b Ι ’st 3 :r be- + come → become b Ι ’ k Λ m Form Prefix be- does not change the form of the word. Example: be- + low → below b Ι ’l əυ Universitas Sumatera Utara be- + lie → belie b Ι’ la I be- + quest → bequest b Ι ’ kwest Function Prefix be- has the function of: a. To change verb intransitive into verb transitive. Be- + Verb intransitive → Verb Transitive Example: be- + come → become b Ι ’ k Λ m be- + moan → bemoan b Ι ’ m əυn be- + wail → bewail b Ι ’ we I l b. To change noun into verb. Be- + Noun → Verb Example: be- + siege → besiege b Ι ’ si:d be- + lie → belie b Ι ’ la I be- + quest → bequest b Ι ’ kwest Meaning The meaning implied by prefix be- is: become or make. Example: be- + quest → bequest make b Ι ’ kwest

3. Prefix dis- d