Example: re- + fine
→ refine ri’fa
I
n re- + fresh
→ refresh ri’fre
∫
Meaning
The meaning implied by prefix re- is again. Example:
re- + write → rewrite
ri’ra
I
t re- + marry
→ remarry ri:’m
ǽri
10. Prefix un-
Λ
n- Distribution
Prefix un- can be attached to: a. Adjective, such as, happy, fit, fair.
Example: un- + happy
→ unhappy
Λ
n’h ǽpi
un- + fit → unfit
Λ
n’f
I
t un- + fair
→ unfair
Λ
n’fe ər
b. Noun, such as, dress, hook. Example:
un- + dress → undress
Λ
n’dres un- + hook
→ unhook
Λ
n’h υk
c. Verb, such as, concern, decided, cut. Example:
un- + concern → unconcern
Λ
nk ən’s
3
:n
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un- + decided → undecided
Λ
nd
I
’sa
I
d
I
d un- + cut
→ uncut
Λ
nk
Λ
t
Form
Prefix un- does not change the form of the base form. Example:
un- + dress → undress
Λ
n’dres un- + clean
→ unclean
Λ
n’kli:n
Function
Prefix un- has the function of: a. To change the verb into adjective
Un- + Verb → Adjective
Example: un- + decided
→ undecided
Λ
nd
I
’sa
I
d
I
d un- + cut
→ uncut
Λ
nk
Λ
t b. To change noun into verb
Un- + Noun → Verb
Example: un- + burden
→ unburden v
Λ
n’b
3
:dn un- + cover
→ uncover v
Λ
n’k
Λ
v ər
Meaning
The meaning implied by prefix un- is: a. not
Example: un- + fair
→ unfair
Λ
n’fe ər
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un- + happy → unhappy
Λ
n’h ǽpi
b. opposite of Example:
un- + wrap → unwrap
Λ
n’r ǽp
11. Prefix under-
Λ
nd ər-
Distribution
Prefix under- can be attached to: a. Noun, such as, sell, wear.
Example: under- + sell
→ undersell
Λ
nd ə’sel:
under- + wear
→ underwear
Λ
nd əweər
b. Verb, such as, writer Example:
under- + writer → underwriter
Λ
nd ə’ra
I
t
Form
Prefix under- does not change the form of the base form. Example:
under- + wear
→ underwear
Λ
nd əweər
under- + weight
→ underweight
Λ
nd ə’we
I
t
Function
Prefix under- has the function of: To change the noun into adjective
Under- + Noun → Adjective
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Example: under- + age
→ underage
Λ
nd ə’
I
d under- + sized
→ undersized
Λ
nd ərsa
I
zd under- + cover
→ undercover
Λ
nd ərk
Λ
v ər
Meaning
The meaning implied by prefix under- is: a. beneath
Example: under- + growth
→ undergrowth
Λ
nd ərəυγ
b. not enough Example:
under- + age
→ underage
Λ
nd ə’
I
d under- + sized
→ undersized
Λ
nd ərsa
I
zd c. lower in rank, importance
Example: under- + study
→ understudy importance
Λ
nd ərst
Λ
d
I
under- + secretary
→ undersecretary lower in rank
Λ
nd ər’sekrətri
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4.2 Prefix in Batak Toba Language.