22 confidence in front of people. Therefore, the students could enjoy the situation
and promote their motivation to speak. A role play is designed to facilitate the students to share their feelings,
thoughts or ideas with others based on the situation or role given so that a role play needs friends. Doing the role play is like making conversation; therefore role
play at least needs two people to involve.
B. Theoretical Framework
From the discussion stated in the theoretical description, the researcher synthesizes a theoretical framework in this study. This section would answer the
problem formulation according to the theories that the researcher used. The first problem in this research is concerned about the implementation of
a scripted role play to improve speaking ability in Play Performance class. As Paulston and Bruder 1976 state that there are four elements to do role play, they
are the situations, roles, useful expression, and background knowledge. Each element plays important role which is related to one and another. The researcher
wants to investigate whether the students use the four elements of doing a role play as the implementation of a scripted role play or not in Play Performance
class. Meanwhile, Doff 1988 claims that the role play can be an effective technique to improve speaking ability and it is supported by Lucatoni 2002.
Lucatoni 2002 adds that a role play can help the students to develop their speaking fluency in their real life. In this research, the researcher finds that the
23 scripted role play is a suitable technique which can be implemented as a learning
activity. The second problem formulation is concerned about the students’
perception on the use of a scripted role play to improve speaking ability in Play Performance class. Based on the theory of Wick and Pick 1978, there is a
connection between perception and experience. The students of Play Performance class must have experience to do role play in order to make a perception. The
researcher considers the six factors that influence perception which is mentioned by Gibson, Ivanovich, and Donnely 1985, they are stereotype, selectivity, self-
concept, situation, need, and emotion. For example, if the students consider that a role play is a suitable technique to improve their speaking ability, the students will
set the good perception on their mind. The researcher expects a positive perception of the students on the use of
the scripted role play to improve speaking ability. The scripted role play in Play Performance class brings the perception toward the students. The students will
perceive a positive role play if they have a positive experience when doing the scripted role play and vice versa. By having a positive perception, the students can
improve their speaking ability. After knowi ng the students’ perception on the use
of the scripted role play, the researcher as a teacher candidate can do better in planning teacher-learning activities.
24
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter gives the information on how the study is conducted. It discusses how the data are gathered and analyzed to answer the research
questions. This research methodology consists of seven parts, namely research method, research setting, research participants, research instruments, data
gathering, data analysis technique, and research procedure.
A. Research Method
The researcher used a survey research in order to answer the research problems in this study. According to Wiersma 1995 survey is used to measure
attitudes, opinions, or achievements or any number of variables in natural setting. Furthermore, Ary, Jacobs, and Razavieh 2002 state that a survey permits the
researcher to measure students’ attitudes and opinions toward something p.25. In addition, Ary, Jacob, and Sorensen 2010 also state that “in survey research the
researcher investigates about people’s beliefs, opinions, characteristics and behavior toward some issue” p.372.
In this research, the researcher investigated the relations of the students’ perception on the use of a scripted role play. By using a survey method, the
students’ beliefs, opinions, and interpretations toward the use of a scripted role play were investigated. The survey method was the appropriate method which
