14 implementation of a scripted role play in Play Performance class. Then, what the
students learn also represents the implementation and perception on the use of a scripted role play in Play Performance class. Besides the perception, speaking is
the other point that would be explained further.
2. Speaking
In this part, there are some theories which are related to speaking.
a. The Nature of Speaking
Johnson and Morrow 1983 state that speaking skill or oral communication is typified as an activity involving two or more people as the
hearers and speakers having to react to what they are and make their contributions. It means that the person who is speaking should have at least one
listener. The speaker speaks to the listener and the listener listens to the speaker, just like having a conversation with friends in daily life. Brown and Yule 1983
also explain that speaking is to express the need-request, information, and service. Speaking is not only producing sounds but also a process of transferring the
messages to the person that the speaker is talking to. In this research the term speaking
related to the students’ self confidence and students’ pronunciation. To practice speaking in English, the language
learners need to boost their speaking confidence by developing their learning strategies. It is because the more learning strategies language learners develop the
greater confidence they will gain Nunan, 1999. Hence, building the speaking confidence is needed to improve the speaking ability through practicing since the
15 confidence is learned through process Goel, 2012. Besides, Klein 1986
confirms that adult learners are capable of improving pronunciation by practicing the speaking English. In the next section, the researcher wants to explain the
development of speaking ability.
b. Development of Speaking Ability
According to Harmer 1998, there are two elements of speaking. The first element is knowledge of language features and the second element is the ability to
process information. Knowledge of language features includes the ability to produce individual phoneme, to use fluent connected-speech, expresses devices,
lexical and grammar, and negotiation language. Then, the ability to produce information includes language processing, interacting with others, and on the spot
information processing. Willis 1981 suggests several activities that can be used to improve the
students’ speaking ability. They are conversation drill, using picture cues, imaginary situations, and role play. In this study, the researcher focuses on the
role play as the activity which can improve students’ speaking ability. A role play teaches the students to be confident in speaking in front of people. Teaching
speaking is the next section explained by the researcher.
c. Teaching Speaking
The goal of teaching speaking skill is to communicate efficiently. The students should be able to make themselves understood, using their current
