10 in this study. The scripted role play is used by the researcher because in the
previous research, it has not used yet. In the next session, the researcher wants to explain the perception since the major study of thi
s research is the students’ perception.
1. Perception
This part provides the theories related to the perception.
a. The Nature of Perception
There are some understandings of perception from the experts. According to Worchel and Shebilske 1998, perception is the process of interpreting
information. Moskowitz and Orgel 1969 argue that perception is a global response to a stimulus or a set of stimuli. Besides, Szilagyi and Wallace 1980
define perception as a process by which individuals attend to incoming stimuli, organize, and then interpret such stimuli into a message that in turn indicate an
appropriate action or behavior. Therefore a perception is about giving the stimulus and response as the information.
Not every person has the same perception even though they have the same object. It is because people have their own experience in the past. Mouly 1973
says that two persons looking at the same phenomenon may see very different things. Wick and Pick 1978 also state that there is a connection between
perception and experience. In this study, the perception refers to the response of a scripted role play. T
he students’ perception on the use of a scripted role play would be stronger if they experience it. If the students have a positive experience
they would form a positive perception and if the students have a negative or bad
11 experience, they would form negative perception. To have a positive or negative
perception, there are some factors that influence someone’s perception.
b. Factors Influencing Perception
Gibson, Ivanovich, and Donnely 1985 describe that there are six factors influencing a person’s perception. They are stereotype, selectivity, self-concept,
situation, need, and emotion.
1 Stereotype
Stereotype is a set of thinking in a particular group that is generalized to all members of the group Gibson et al, 1985. It indicates that some people have a
set of knowledge in their mind, although they do not know whether it is true or not. If the students consider that the scripted role play is a good technique to
improve the speaking ability, they will set in their mind so they will perceive the scripted role play positively.
2 Selectivity
People may select something which they like or not. Therefore the perception is based on the people who like or do not like the scripted role play.
Gibson et al. 1985 explain that people tend to ignore information or cues that might make them feel discomfort. People have various interests, so that they may
select what is important to fulfill their needs. This is why people perceive differently.
