e. Evaluation and Revision the Designed Materials
The aim of this step is to evaluate and to revise the designed materials into the final version after conducting the post-designed survey. Since the writer does
not implement the design materials, the evaluation will be gained the feedback comments, opinion, advice, criticism from the expert participants English
lectures, teachers and instructor. After gaining the feedback from the expert participants, the writer will make an evaluation and a revision to the listening
design materials. The design that will be evaluated and revised would be the learning activities andor the sources for the listening materials so that ready to be
used for the teacher. All the steps above will be illustrated as follows.
Note: Process line Revision line
Figure 2.2 The Framework Cycle
Learners Characteris
tics
Considering the Goal and
Listing the Topics,
Stating the General
Purposes Specifying
the Learning Objectives
Selecting Teaching
Learning Activities
and Instructional
Resources Evaluating
and Revising the
Designed Materials
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, the writer would like to clarify the methodology of the study. This chapter divided into six sections. There are research the method of the
study, research participants, instrument in gathering the data, data gathering, data analysis, and procedures in finishing the thesis.
3.1 Research Method
According to Borg and Gall 1963: 772, the educational research and development RD is a process of developing and validating educational
products. In line with that, educational research and development is different from the basic research, which aims to answer some specific questions about practical
problems. Research and development can translate the basic and applied research finding into usable educational products Borg, 1963: 772.
Borg and Gall also state that RD consists of cycle in which a set of instructional materials of the product is developed. They enlist 10 steps of RD,
but the writer only adopts five steps Borg and Gall, 1963: 775-776. The five steps in R D also covers the theoretical framework, they will be discussed as
follows.
3.1.1 Research and information collecting
It includes review of literature, classroom observation and preparation of report of state of the art. In this step the writer observed the classroom, gained
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