34 Before the researcher distributed the questionnaires, the researcher piloted
the questionnaires. The researcher tested the questionnaire to some students to ensure that the questions made sense to participants and to avoid problems in the
questionnaire that might lead to biased answers. After the researcher finished piloting the questionnaire, the researcher distributed the questionnaires to the
respondents. The questionnaires were distributed in the end of the class in the last meeting. This questionnaire helped the researcher to know about
students‟ responses to the use of mind mapping. The responses told their improvements
after using mind mapping. In giving responses in each question on the questionnaire, the respondents
were asked to answer those questions based on their experience or their feeling in using mind mapping. The respondents should answer it honestly based on the real
condition that they faced.
2. Interview
The second data gathering technique was interview. Interviewing is a way to collect data as well as to gain knowledge from individuals Patton, 1990. He
adds that the purpose of interview is to find out what is in and on someone else‟s
mind. Kvale 1996 defines interviews as “ … an interchange of views between
two or more people on a topic of mutual interest, sees the centrality of human interaction for knowledge production, and emphasizes the social situated of
research data.” Creswell 2008 states that an interview survey is a form on which the researcher records answers supplied by the respondents in the study. In this
research, the researcher tried to recheck students ‟ or respondents‟ answers in the
35 questionnaire and also gain more data or responses from them. The researcher
adapted the procedures of interviewing someone by Tuckman 1992 as it is cited
from Cohen, Manion, and Morrison 2000.
The interviewer should inform the participant of the nature or purpose of the interview, being honest yet without risking biasing
responses, and should strive to put the participant at ease. The conduct of the interview should be explained what happens, and
how, and the structure and organization of the interview, how responses may recorded p.421
Cohen et. al 2000 says that “once the data from the interview have been
collected, the next stage is analyzing them by coding or scoring ” p.427. Thus for
this research, the researcher would analyze all of the data through coding. The researcher conducted a one-on-one interview in this research. John
Creswell 2008 says that “one-on-one interviews are also useful for asking
sensitive questions and enabling interviewees to ask questions or provide comments that go beyond the initial questions
” p.387. Therefore, by conducting the interview, the researcher knew about students‟ responses deeply.
The interview was conducted to verify the students‟ answer that had been
provided in the questionnaire. It was also used to recheck and ensure their answer so that the data would be based on the real situation that the students had. There
were some questions that should be answered by the students and the questions were quite the same with the questionnaire. Those who were asked to have an
interview section can verify their answer and give more information about their responses briefly. By conducting an interview section, the researcher can get more
36 information about their feeling on the use of mind mapping. The researcher can
also ask more question based on their answers to dig their answers deeply. A good interview is when the subjects can talk freely about their point of
view in the interview section Briggs, 1986. Therefore, the researcher can get rich data from the respondents‟ perspective in the form of words. Thus, if the
researcher thought that there were some answers that did not complete yet, the researcher would ask more about it.
The questions that had been given in the interview sections helped the researcher to know deeply about students‟ responses to the use of mind mapping
to increase their ability in organizing their ideas in writing. This section also helped
the researcher to find out the respondents‟ achievement and suggestion on the use of mind mapping.
The respondents of the interview section were 5 students from class 7J. They were chosen by the researcher based on their score of the tasks. It can be
seen from their score that they had when making the description text. Based on those respondents, the researcher knew about their responses, suggestion and their
difficulties in using mind mapping based on their level of understanding. The researcher also conducted an interview with the English teacher who always
observed the students in the class. The teacher‟s answer helped the researcher to
know about student s‟ responses and feeling from the teacher‟s point of view.
After having an interview with the teacher, the researcher summarized the interview in the form of words and then gave the summary back to the teacher to
make sure that the point of the interview was stated in the summary correctly.
37
3. Observation
