F. Significance of the Research
The study is expected to give contributions to: 1.
The teacher This research can encourage the teacher to develop writing materials in the
teaching learning process based on the learners’ need. 2.
The students Students are expected to develop their writing ability by using these
materials. 3.
The other researchers This research is aimed to be a reference for them and help to develop their
research in the future
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CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
As stated in the previous chapter, the aim of this research is to develop writing materials for students of the eighth grade of SMP N 3 Tempel. In this
chapter, there are some theories related to this research. This chapter focuses on the nature of writing, teaching writing, teaching writing for Junior High School
students and material development.
A. Literature Review
1. Writing
Some theories related to the nature of writing will be discussed below. There are five parts in this discussion; they are the definition of writing,
characteristics of writing, micro-skills of writing, approaches of teaching writing and text type. Those will be explained as follows.
a. The Nature of Writing
English is divided into two skills; they are productive skills and receptive skills. One of productive skills in English teaching-learning process is writing.
There are some definitions of writing according to some experts. Brown 2000: 335 assumes that written language is like spoken language, the
difference between them is in graphics instead of auditory signals. Written language called the graphic representation of spoken language.
Solokik 2003 states three definitions of writing. First, writing is the physical and mental act. Writing is the physical act because of the activities, whether
writing or typing ideas. Furthermore, writing is the mental act because the activities of writing are to develop ideas and how to arrange into sentences that
the reader can catch easily. Second, the purpose of writing is how to express and impress ideas from the writer to the reader. Third, writing is a process and
product. Hibbard and Wagner 2013: 56 define writing as a process of learning
through constructing complete thoughts on the paper. Writing is the process of the thinking about what is read and then translate into the process of writing.
In conclusion, writing is one of the productive skills. Writing is an act in the graphic signal language to express the ideas into sentences to inform the readers.
b. Characteristics of Writing
There are some characteristics of written language according to Brown 2001: 341. They are:
a. Permanence
Written language is permanent because it can be read in many times. To increase students’ confidence in writing, the teacher can help them to revise their
product.
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