Background of Study INTRODUCTION
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quite expensive. Moreover, if a translator has been a professional translator with specialized certified, high-speed translation ability and the translation
that heshe produce is good, heshe will get big income. However, in translating, all of the translator, both amateur and
professional will face some problems. Even, in translating literary text, such as translating novel. Translating a novel is a difficult job for translator. It consists
of figurative language, cultural words, sentences, and text coherences. In addition, there is no-universality among linguist in deciding the term and the
concept of the strategy will be used. So that, it makes beginner translator confused whether the better strategy and term which they should use,
especially, in translating literary text, such as novel. Beside that, translation is an ideological act. The ideology of
translation is the principles or beliefs about “correct or wrong” and “good or not” in translation.
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However, it’s of course, too subjective the good translation because everyone has different principles in what over. Seeing that,
Lawrance Venuti points about two different ideologies which determines where and how the translators should bring the message to their audience,
whether it is writers oriented or readers oriented, and the two ideologies are “Domestications” and “foreignization” .
First domestication translation, that is the ideology with the target language as its orientation. According to Venuti, this ideology was applied by
Nida and Taber, by considering Nida’s arguments “and tries to relate the
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Benny Hoed, Penerjemahan dan Kebudayaan, Jakarta: Dunia Pustaka Jaya, 2006. P. 83
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receptor to modes of behaviour relevant within the context of his own
culture”.
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in this case, Nida said that the translation should be fluency and seems natural even it felt as if it is not a translation text when it is read.
Besides that, Venuti said: “Hence, the domesticating process is totalizing, even if never total, never
seamless or final. It can be said to operate in every word of the translation long before the translated text it further processed by readers, made to
bear other domestic meanings and to serve other domestic interest”.
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it means, ideology, the translators try to make the translation text easier to be understood by the readers and increase the readers enthusiasm by
creating domestic’s atmosphere in the translation text. On the contrary, foreigniziation translation, that is the translation
ideology with the source language as its orientation. In this ideology, message becomes the first purpose of the translators which must be conveyed to the
reader. Here, though the source language has already transferred to the target language, the cultural atmosphere of source language still dominates in the
translation text. Venuti said “an ethnodeviant pressure on those values to register the linguistic and cultural difference of the foreign text, sending the
reader abroad”.
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Whatever the type, translation text always reflect the translator’s ideology, whether literary text or non literary text. It takes perseverance and
creativity to create the translated text that can be accepted in society,
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Lawrance Venuti , The Translator’s Invisibillty: A History Of Translator, New York: Routladge, 1995 p. 21.
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Lawrance Venuti, The Translation Studies Reader,New York: Routladge, 2004, pp. 482-483
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Benny Hoed, Penerjemahan dan Kebudayaan, Jakarta: Dunia pustaka Jaya, 2006, p. 83
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especially in the literature, in the way of delivering message. Literary works are artwork written by using the standards of literature language, uses
beautiful words, figure of speech and interesting style of story. And that makes sentimental atmosphere is required in the translation of literary works.
Many people are found of reading novels or short stories. Those are the most popular of literary works. It is because both of them contain beautiful
language that makes it more alive. It effects the reader spend more time to read it over and over again. Novel, as the one of popular literature, is the most
chosen reading materials whether for teenagers and adults nowadays. It is often contained lots of ideology. Novel is one kind of literary works. As has
been mentioned before that having sentimental feelings is certainly needed in translating novel because by having a sentimental feeling, the translator will
have the ability to transfer not only the language, material, cultural, but also feelings and moods of the author, so the message will be completely up to the
reader well. About how the message was delivered, then here where translator’s ideology is questionable.
Of course, the main task for a translator is to determine a right way in translating process, that is the translator must translate the text whether
indulging readers in terms of cultural transfer and make the reader to easily understand the translation text or maintain the culture that exist in the source
language text also leads the reader to enter the area of source language itself. In the same case, a German philosopher, Schleiermarcher’s speech 1813; he
believes that there are only two methods of translation. Either the translator
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leaves the author in peace, as much as possible and moves the reader towards him. Or he leaves the reader in peace, as much as possible and moves the
author towards him.
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From the explanation describe above, that is what makes research interested to understand more about the ideology of translation. The findings
are expected to contribute to the practice of translation.