The example means the man is stupid because it used an expression of saying something through the contrary
.
16. Metonymy
It is a figure of speech which can replace one thing to other things which are closely associated Baldick: 1996
.
Sometimes it is used for describing an object through another object but they still closely related each
other
.
Baldick 1996 also states that an important kind of metonymy is synecdoche
.
The examples are: 25 Pen is mightier than the sword means writing is more powerful
than warfare
.
26 The press replacement for journalism 27 Mozart for Mozart’s Music
.
17
.
Metaphor
It is almost the same as metonymy but it describes an object through another object which have the same characteristic
.
Metaphor is a figure of speech that tries to describe one thing, idea or action through using
another which have similar characteristics Baldick: 1996
.
In another word, Harpham and Abrams 2000 argue that metaphor is a word or expression
which represent one thing to a distinctly different kind of thing but without asserting any comparison
.
The examples for metaphor are : 28 John is a pig
29 O my love is a red, red rose 30 Eye, gazelle, delicate wander
18
.
Onomatopoeia
It also called as “echoism” by Harpham and Abrams 2000: 236
.
People more likely know onomatopoeia as the imitation sound of object’s noises which heard similar to
.
In contradictory, Baldick 1996 reveals that onomatopoeia is the use of words or combination of words which seem to
duplicate the sound they refer to
.
According to Harpham and Abrams 2000 there is no exact imitation of sound because the perceived similarity is due as
much as to the meaning
.
The examples are: 31 People in the audience were hissing their disapproval
.
32 She banged her first angrily on the table
.
19
.
Oxymoron
It consists of two paradoxical contrary
.
It is usually “a figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms in a compressed paradox”
Baldick: 1996: 157
.
It uses two contradictory words in a sentence to show any idea
.
It is cited in Harpaham and Abrams 2000 that oxymoron contains the paradoxical utterance that in ordinary usage are contraries
.
The examples for oxymoron are:
33 Why then, O brawling love, O loving hate O anything of nothing first create
O heavy lightess, serious vanity 34 Mishappen chaos of well-seeming forms
Feather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire, sick health PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
Still waking sleep, that is not what it is
20. Paradox
It is a surprising expression which cause people to look for another reason in which it would be true Baldick:1996
.
It contains two opposite characteristics which is difficult to understand
.
Meanwhile, Harpham and Abrams 2000 declare that paradox is a statement which seems
contradictory or absurd, yet turns out to be interpretable in a way that makes sense
.
Another book of Abrams 1993 tells that paradox is the “statement which seems on its face to be self-contradictory or absurd yet turns out to
make good sense”
.
The examples are: 35 the child is the father of the man
.
36 One short sleep past, we wake eternally
.
37 The truest poetry is the feigning
.
21
.
Personification
It is a thing which can act or express like human being
.
Thus based on Baldick 1996 thing which the imagery of an idea, abstract things or
inanimate things which are referred as if they are human
.
It is called prosopopeia in Greek term which means the abstract concepts or inanimate
things were given with all human characterization
.
The example for personification is:
38 Sky lowered, and muttering thunder, some sad drops
.
Wept at completing of the mortal sin
.