39 In accordance with the goal and the content required in the R and D method,
the writer administered several steps to gather data to complete this research. The steps taken in the research were 1 Research and Information Collection, 2
Planning, 3 Develop Preliminary Form of Product, 4 Product Evaluation, and 5 Main Product Revision.
1. Research and Information Collecting
Research and information collecting was conducted in order to obtain information about the research subjects related to the issue of the research. In this
research, the issue referred to learning speaking materials. The writer tried to find out the information about activities in Bantul CBR related to speaking activities.
In collecting information from the participants, the writer employed questionnaire as the instrument to get the need. The data from the distributed questionnaires
were analyzed to gain the preferred speaking activities, materials and strategies by the participants. This first RD step was as the realizations of holding need
analysis and identifying learners‘ characteristic.
2. Planning
After collecting data in the first step, the writer analyzed the data gathered. The analysis was considered as needs analysis. The results of needs analysis were
the basis for making a planning. In this step, the writer identified the goal, topics, and general purpose of the
designed materials. Together with that, identifying the learning objectives was also conducted together. S
o, the writer‘s third and forth step were in line with the
second RD step.
40
3. Developing Preliminary Form of Product
In developing preliminary form of product, selecting syllabus, teaching learning activities, and listing subject content were done first. Those were
considered as the designing process, but this was the first step in designing and needed some revisions. In developing the preliminary form of product, the writer
still used the results of data collection and needs analysis results as the basis of designing speaking materials or product. The writer developed speaking materials
using Cooperative Learning Theory related to the learners‘ needs. In selecting speaking materials, the writer chose the appropriate themes for the learners in
their level. The themes should be interesting and understandable for them. In this step, the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth step of the writer‘s were as
the realization of developing preliminary form of product.
4. Product Evaluation
