15 promotes a great deal of negotiation between the learners in order to find out the
meaning of the information.
5 Learning Together
Learning together encourages the learners to work in four or five member heterogeneous on assignment sheets.
6 Conversation
Conversation is known as a formal language learned immediately through the useful form, which the learners are able to practice to they neighbor in turn,
and applied in real situation outside the formal class. It means to provide the first introduction of structure to be drilled Astuti, 2005:41. Through the conversation,
the learners can learn how to speak to their friends directly. In conclusion, most of the principles of Cooperative Learning become the
principles to determine teaching learning activities. The writer believes that each learner has their own needs in learning English. So, the writer will give
opportunity to all learners to obtain what they needs from learning English by providing materials that are really needed.
d. The Teacher
’ Roles in Cooperative Learning’s Class
Teachers have some significant roles to promote the students in learning. They are as sources of learning for the learners. However, they are not merely the
centre of teaching learning activities but having roles in Cooperative Learning.
1 The Teacher as Inquirer
According to River 1987 as cited by Mc. Donell 1992: 164, the teacher must inquire the following questions about the learners: what the age of the
16 learner is, what the language proficiency level is, what previous learning
experiences, interests, abilities, and needs are. By knowing such questions, the teacher can manage his class based on the circumstances and condition that he
really knows. From the description above, both of teacher and learners have same responsibility in responding the circumstances and condition during the teaching
learning process.
2 The Teacher as Creator
According to Johnson et al. 1984 as cited by Mc. Donell 1992: 165, the teacher‘s duty as creator lies on creating the social climate, setting goals, planning
and structuring the task, establishing the physical arrangement of the classroom, assigning the students to groups and roles, and selecting materials and time.
Teachers create and prepare many things to make teaching learning process in the classroom are really ready and conducive especially for the learners.
3 The Teacher as Observer
Mc. Donell 1992: 167 states, ―Observation is the basis of decision making about learners progress.‖ The teacher can observe and monitor many aspects of
his learners, so that the teacher knows the progress of his learners in learning during learning process. Beside that, the teacher can know the strengths and
weaknesses of the learners, how success his teaching strategies, and so on.
4 The Teacher as Facilitator
The teachers as facilitator means that teachers should facilitate, encourage, and support the learners to learn actively. The teacher roles as a facilitator in
Cooperative classroom can be done by giving suggestion to the groups, encourage PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
17 and support tea
ms to solve teams‘ problems, giving feedback, giving available sources, observing the students‘ work. Hence, it is the learners who learn and it is
the teacher‘s duty to help them learning Mc. Donell, 1992: 167.
5 The Teacher as Agent of Change
In a classroom, teachers have responsible to control teaching learning process. The teachers also have rights to change the classroom when the process
of teaching learning such as the activities and strategies in the classroom are far from the objectives because of circumstances and condition change. Donell 1992:
167 stated ―when teachers allow the classroom to become a place of inquiry, where questions are explored in meaningful context and teachers and students
collaborate to seek answers, then teachers have a redefined role as teacher-writer .‖
In Cooperative Learning, the teacher is not the only one person who takes control all the teaching learning process absolutely. However, the teacher has
rights to change the strategies and activities used in the classroom when the situation changes. The teacher also has responsibility to create objectives and
materials in order to achieve the academic goals. It means that teacher roles both in the classroom and in the outside of classroom are needed. Nevertheless, the
teacher is not the center person in the classroom. Conversely, the learners are as the center of learning in the teaching learning process.
e. The Learners
