Unit Analysis Time and Place of the Research

language TL ” 12 . In addition the theory of translation is concerned with a certain type of relation between languages and consequently a branch of comparative linguistics. In other hand, Newmark defines, Translation is a craft consisting in attempts to replace a written message and or statement in one language by the same message and or statement in another language. 13 Thus, he agrees that the meaning is something which transferred in a translation to be able to achieve the equivalent effect, not the form. From some definitions above can be conclude that the definition of translation is a process of transferring the messages SL into TL. The translators have to avoid translating by using method one by one translation because translation basically gives the messages SL into TL. Besides, in translating a text, the translator is an important factor that affects the result of translation itself. The translator should have reliable knowledge and experiences about both the SL and TL or about the textual and contextual aspects. If a translator does not have what the writer mentioned before, it will cause the result of translation misunderstood for the readers. Besides, the dictionaries used by translators have to be completed, the translator 12 J. C Catford, A Linguistic Theory of Translation London:Oxford University Press, 1965, p.20 13 Peter Newmark, Approaches to Translation London: Prentice Hall, 1981, p.13 needs to compare the meanings in different dictionaries to get reliable meanings.

2. The Process of Translation

Translation is the process that is done step by step. Larson said that there are three steps in translating: 14 1. Studying the lexicon, grammatical structure, communication situation, and cultural context of the source language text. 2. Analyzing it in order to determine its meaning. 3. And then reconstructing this same meaning using the lexicon and grammatical structure which are appropriate in the receptor language and its cultural context. Nida and Taber propose the process of translation and its illustration as follows: 15 a. Analysis, in this step, the translator explores the meaning and the grammatical relationship of source language word or compound word; b. Transfer, the transfer of the sense which is in the mind of translator from language A to language B. 14 Frans Sayogie, Teori dan Praktek Penerjemahan Bahasa Inggris ke dalam Bahasa IndonesiaJakarta: Pustaka Anak Negeri, 2009, p. 21 15 E. A. Nida and C Taber, The Theory and Practice of Translation Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1982, p. 33.