Data Analysis RESEARCH FINDINGS
in phrase “hujan mengenal baik pohon, jalan,” that is related to our life that we must learn how to live such as the rain that can respect to each object that is around even
the rain was able to explore aspects of human life that is often discounted, especially the problems of life. In real life, people often avoids when they faced to difficult
situation in which a human being is equipped with the gift of a reasonable minds; the man supposed to be known what is right and wrong. While, mengenal is defined as
1 mengetahui; kenal akan; tahu akan, 2 mempunyai rasa.
46
Through the word “mengenal” proves that human is expected to be more sensitive to everything around
them. As Newmark said that poetry present the things in order to convey the feeling, in particularly, and however concrete the language each represents something else
__ a feeling, a behavior, a view of life as well as itself.
47
So, the writer concludes that there is no change between the SL and Tl message both grammatically and
semantically. SL : dan selokan- suaranya dapat dibeda-bedakan
TL : and the gutters- recognizes their voices
The data analysis 2 is analyzed as unfaithful translation. For example, word “selokan” in the SL translate into “gutters” in TL; gutter n defined as 1 the edge of
road where rain roof which collects and carries away rain.
48
The TL translation
46
Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Edisi ke Empat Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka
Utama, 2008, p. 541
47
Newmark 1988, p. 5.
48
Cambridge University Press 2009, op. Cit., p. 643
renders with the SL. Then, the phrase “bisa dibeda-bedakan” in the SL does not transfer into “can‟t be differentiated” because it will be less of aesthetic value in this
poem. Expressive and aesthetic values can make a good rhythm as its original text. This reason is supported by Newmark that the translator has to decide whether the
expressive and aesthetic function of language in a poem or in one place in a poem is more important.
49
Then, the translator uses other diction to express the SL message and transfers into “recognizes” in the TL because the writer analyze that the word
“recognizes” have closest meaning with the SL word. Besides that, the play of diction is beneficial to create a good translation without losing its beauty of meaning in this
line. The word recognizes defined as 1 to know someone or something because you have seen, heard or experienced them before.
50
In a poetry, reduction is useful to avoid an ambiguity of meaning in the TL as long as the translator uses the best
diction which is trying to keep equivalence meaning with the original text purpose. The meaning in this data 2 “and the gutters- recognizes their voices” is still
related to the data before; “The rain knows the trees, the road,” in the TL. The SL‟s message “the rain knows the trees, the road,” is described about the rain that more
sensitive to sounds that falls into the earth which can be recognized the difference of sound can be represented something in our thoughts and feelings. Then, suara can be
defined as 1 bunyi yang dikeluarkan oleh mulut manusia seperti pada waktu
49
Newmark 1988, op.cit., p. 166
50
Cambridge University Press 2009, op. Cit., p.1188
bercakap-cakap, bernyanyi, tertawa, dan menangis, 2 bunyi binatang, alat perkakas, dsb. 3 ucapan perkataan.
51
While, voice means as the sounds that are made when people speak or sing.
52
Through the voice the translator just wants to share what the author
‟s experience and thought which aims to the human that the raindrops is a sign of the greatness of God who created the rain for the sake of human survival so that
we must always be aware of gratitude to the god. In this case, the author‟s SL tries to embody his idea into lines of poem which uses simple language but has a deep
meaning to ponder what message is implied magical through the rain. So, the translator tries to be faithful with his the author‟s SL mind.
SL : kau akan mendengarnya meski sudah kau tutup pintu TL : you will hear it, even after you shut the door
The data 3 above the TL message uses simple future tense to give explanation that the word “mendengarnya” refers to the voices which describe there
is no one can escape or stop to hear. In this case the modal will has some definitions; 1 used for showing that somebody is willing to do something; 2 used for stating
what you think is probably true.
53
The first definition of will is fixed with the context in this data analysis. The author SL attempts to describe that somebody in this
line will not be stopped to hear the sound of rain since the author SL uses expressive
51
Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia 2008, op. Cit., p. 1094
52
Cambridge University Press 2009, op. Cit., p.1624
53
Ibid., p. 1665
function and figurative meaning to share his experience about life. The SL message is accepted in the TL of faithful translation.
Grammatically, in the TL “you will hear it, even after you shut the door” have two subjects, two verbs, and two nouns. Besides, this line is still related with the data
2 that the pronoun “kau” in the SL is not capital letter as the beginning of new line. As can be seen that the translator did not change the forms in the TL even more the
translator adds a punctuation as commas between the word “it” and “even” becomes “you will hear it, even after you shut the door” to give stressing in the TL. But it does
not matter because the translator just wants to appropriate the original text in the target language as faithful translation.
In the meaning, the SL “kau akan mendengarnya meski sudah kau tutup pintu”; the readers does not know who is “kau” on line 3. The translator make it is
clear through the phrases “even after you shut the door” in the TL which is related to human activities. In this line the author tries describe that someone in this phrase is
do not care to the problems that happen even if the god always remain us instead they prefer to run away from the reality. So, the message in this line is delivered faithfully
by the translator very well. Everyone has sensitivity to the art and the beauties are different. This
sensitivity is very important to assess and understand the meaning of a work of literature, especially about poetry. This sensibility called an aesthetic. In this analysis
the writer tries to explain that the aesthetic in poetry revive word by word as solid and complete so that the problem of life is presented in this poetry that the author‟s means
is not only a reflection of reality interpretation of life, a sense of sympathy for humanities, and contemplation of nature but also his reflections about something that
has never been imagined and thought by the readers that this poetry have something mystery despite of uses a simple language.
SL : dan jendela. Meski sudah kau matikan lampu TL : and the windows. Even after you turn out the light
The data 4 above, the translator did not change any forms in the TL message grammatically. The phrase “dan jendela,” is still related with the previous line 3
because in English there is no sentence is prefixed by conjunctions “dan” at the
beginning of sentence. The writer just wants to focus on the SL phrase “Meski sudah
kau matikan lampu ” into “Even after you turn out the light”; there is adverb clauses
Even after to show the time of relationship that express unexpected result of time which is the activity happens at unclear times. But it does not problem because the
translator just tries to keep the hole meaning equivalence of what the authors SL means is suitable in the TL to be faithful translation.
In the meaning, the pharses “Meski sudah kau matikan lampu” into “Even after you turn out the light”; as can be seen that there is no reduction or addition in
it. the word “lampu” transfer into “light” because in poetry that the word “light” is often used which is considered more representative of a persons heart. The
translator delivers the SL message very well and he translator also conveys the meaning faithfully and originally, line by line, so that the reader can be easily
understand. Besides, an English word correspond to which foreign word because the
translator has to know the SL either culture, description of time, or other languages. In the other hands, the translator also have known about the characters of the author‟s
SL poetry. In addition, the SL and TL message have similarities both semantically and grammatically which includes as faithful translation.
The writer thinks that the translator attempts to give the best result which relatively as well as the author‟s SL wants to share the point of message to the readers
SL. This reason is proposed by Newmark‟s theory in a book written by Frans Sayogie
about the methods of translation especially about faithful translation that Newmark submits the two groups of translation method; the translator uses first method that the
translator give emphasis to the the source language.
54
So, the translation this line is supposed to be faithful.
2 Stanza 2
SL : “Hujan, yang tahu benar membeda-bedakan, telah jatuh di pohon,
jalan, dan selokan- „
TL : “The rain, which knows, falling on the trees, roads, and gutters-“
The data in stanza 2, line 5 is long phrases that is similar with stanza 1, line 1 which stress by using word “Hujan” in the SL; the writer analysis that is not just
similarities in phrases and meaning. But also, the similarities between line 1 stanza 1 and line 5 stanza 2 analyzed as a refrain that usually find in the poetry, prose, and
lyrics of songs. This statement is supported by Siswantoro that repetition of sounds can occur from a single sound such as a vowel or consonant, so on propagate to
54
Frans Sayogie 2009, op. Cit., p. 30
repetition of sounds syllable, word phrases, and lines.
55
Although the SL message has found a refrain in stanza 1, line 5; the word “membeda-bedakan” does not exsit in the
TL because he translator uses reduction. The translator thinks that the uses of reduction in the S
L “membeda-bedakan” is considered does not make the distortion of meaning so do not need to be appeared in TL. In the other words, the translator
just implicit of the explicit word meaning so that the words “which knows” in the TL is represented the SL message. Besides, in the stanza 2 line 5 SL the author uses
word of “yang tahu benar” stressing to the word “mengenal baik” in the stanza 1, line 1 means that the author SL wants to convince the meaning deeper and avoid the
monotony sound of the word in the SL but the translator still uses the word “knows”
in the TL that is represent both of SL words. Then, in the SL phrase “yang telah
jatuh” Translate into “falling”; there is suffix -ing to the word “fall” that the translator uses present continues tense to express an activity that is in progress at the moment
when the rain falls down and it begin in the resent past, and the future that can not be stopped. In the other hands, in Indonesian grammars there are no tenses to tell the
time present, past, continuous, or future because it hard to prove. But it does not problems for the translator who knows both Indonesian cultures and the characters of
Indonesian poems, especially Sapardi‟s works. In the meaning, as the writer analyzed that there is refrain of stanza 1, line 1
so that the writer thinks it does not different meaning purpose. But, in this line the
55
Siswantoro, Apresiasi Puisi - Puisi Sastra Inggris Surakarta: Muhammadiyah University Press, 2002, p. 82
author just wants to remind and suggests us that we should not give up or complain to a state that has and will occur. There must be a secret message is hidden every
moment and only time will be tell. Nevertheless, the data analysis 3 cannot be accepted as faithful translation.
SL : menyihirmu agar sama sekali tak sempat mengaduh TL : weaving spells so no one complains
In the data 6, the SL “menyihirmu agar sama sekali tak sempat mengaduh”, the translator uses phrase
“no one” in the TL is to implicit the phrase “agar sama sekali” and pronoun “mu”. Besides that, the phrase “no one” is considered more
appropriate to express Sl phrase because the translator think about the power of that word can produce images especially images of feeling and support the word
“menyihir” which claimed as figurative language so that the function of figurative language is able to excite emotion from the author‟s feeling. As Perrin said in
Waluyo‟s book that 1 figurative language is able to produce imaginative pleasure, 2 figurative language is a way to generate additional images in the poetry so that the
abstract becomes the concrete and make poetry enjoyable to read, 3 figurative language is a way to increase the intensity of the feeling of poetry and convey his
attitude, 4 figurative language is a way to concentrate the meaning to be conveyed and how to deliver something much and spacious with a short language.
56
The word no one defined as tak seorang pun; which is
resumes between “agar sama sekali” and the pronoun “mu” in the SL tells about no human can‟t be complained or escape to
56
Herman. J Waluyo, Teori dan Apresiasi Puisi Penerbit Erlangga: Jakarta, 1995, p. 83
what something will happen. Then, the TL message stresses by using word “weaving spells” that if the translator transfer it phrase word by word it will be ambiguous
meaning becomes “menenun mantra” in the SL. While, weaving weave + ing defined as to make cloth by repeatedly crossing a single thread through two sets of
long threads on a loom special frame.
57
Spells means 1 to form a word or words with the letters in the correct order verb, 2 spoken words which are thought to have
magical power or the condition of being inder the influence or control of such words magic.
58
Meanwhile, in bahasa sihir defined as 1 menggunakan sihir, 2 memukai, memesona, membuat sangat terpikat penonton dsb.
59
So, the translator uses idiomatic expression to represent the SL word “menyihir” into “weaving spells”
and the writer assume that the translation in this line is faithful but in terms of acceptance both of diction and figurative language used by the translator have
fulfilled criteria as naturalness. In the meaning, the data 6 there is figurative meaning in phrase
menyihirmu ; through the rain, the author to imply that the rain is a gift of God that we can t deny a lot of blessings and benefits for human survival. Moreover, the
figurative meaning in the SL is representation of the authors spiritual experience
57
Cambridge University Press 2009, op. Cit., p. 1646
58
Ibid ., p. 1391
59
Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia 2008, op. Cit., p. 1303
about the majesty of God creating the rain. The writer analysis that the data 6 is assumed as faithful translation.
SL : waktu menangkap wahyu yang harus kau rahasiakan TL : as it touches your deepest secret
The data in this line is not included into faithful translation both in grammar and meaning. Grammatically, there is S + V but it can be said as complete sentence
because there is conjunction “as” at the beginning of phrase. There is pronoun “your” which is refers to the word “wahyu” in the SL. Then, the word “deepest” in
TL as an adjective which is expresses very strongly felt or experienced and usually lasting longtime.
60
The phrase “waktu menangkap wahyu yang harus kau rahasiakan” does not exist in the TL; the translator tries to deliver what the author‟s
SL thought into other words by idiomatic expression. Unfortunately, it‟s a little beat hard to understand by the reader SL. The process of transfer the message into TL has
shift forms which have changed the real meaning in the SL and not all the readers understand English idioms. In the other hands, English idioms are not suitable in
Indonesian language which have different culture and the forms of grammar so that the readers SL does not get the message of what the author‟s SL means in the TL.
In this line is stresses by word “touch” that represent the SL phrase “menangkap wahyu” is not reliable and does not have the same meaning. Meanwhile,
wahyu can be defined as 1 petunjuk Alloh hanya kepada para nabi dan rosul melalui
60
Cambridge University Press 2009, op. Cit., p. 364
mimpi.
61
The writer thinks that the translator make the SL messa ges can‟t be
delivered well to the reader because the translator does not know about the culture especially in religious statement of the author‟s SL into TL. While, Benny stated in
his book that the messages SL are determined by SL‟s particular intention.
62
Moreover, the writer tries to concern in the real meaning that there is something difficult to explain even though the SL phrase uses a simple language but in the TL
meaning have many possibilities to explore by using aesthetic values. Comparing the original and its translation, the rendering of this poetry not all
lines is considering as faithful both of meaning and form. As can be seen from the forms; both of SL and TL, the poetry is composed of seven lines of unequal length.
The way of writing, all the lines written by considering the balance between the right and left side, it is clear that the typography considered by Sapardi. Enjambments
dial-connect events fill two lines rhyme that order are also found in the poem of Magic Rain, in lines 1-2 and 5-6-7. Then, if we looks from the rhyme, poetry is rich
in rhyme beginning and end lines 1-2 and lines 5-7, first stanza the rhyme scheme namely as a-a-b-b-c-d-c-d is replaced by a-b-c-d-e-f-g-h so that the writer analyzed
this line is free rhyme in the TL. This causes the rhythm of reading becomes faltered, as if there pounding. Repetition alliteration is also contained in the word rain, trees,
61
Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia 2008, op. Cit., p. 1553
62
Benny, H. Hoed, Penerjemahan dan Kebudayaan Jakarta: PT. Dunia Pustaka Jaya, 2006, p. 28
roads, and gutters in the lines 1 and 5. Moreover, the repetition is contained not only in that words but also there are repetition of sound “S”. In this poetry find any
punctuation and capital letters as an early marker lines and stanzas. It shows the clarity in the meaning of poetry despite enjambment. At the beginning of the first
lines, said the rain is opening - the embodiment of the title.