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[14] Sing ngomong beautiful mau sopo yo? From the example [14], we can see that the speaker did code switching from
English to Javanese in order to strengthen the relationship with his or her interlocutor who shares the same native language which is Javanese.
2. The Functions of Code Switching According to Sert
Sert 2005 classifies the functions of code switching in the discourse of bilingual individuals into two:
a For self expression
In this case, the speakers switch code to create certain situation that they
want. As Trudgill 2000, p. 105 in Sert
2005 said “Speakers switch to manipulate or influence or define the situation as they wish and to convey nuances
of meaning and personal intention”. The following is the example of teacher’s code switching in the classroom:
[15] oh ada yang baru jadian ya? Hmm. I see. From the example above, it could be seen that the English teacher did code
switching in order to make the situation in the classroom relaxed. Therefore, she did code switching as the tool to create a joke with the students. In this case, it
can be concluded that the intention of the teacher is to create the English learning in the classroom relaxed.
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b To build intimate interpersonal relationships among members of a
bilingual community.
In this case, code switching is seen as a tool for creating linguistic solidarity especially between individuals who share the same ethno-cultural
identity. The following is the example of the dialogue between the Maori-English bilinguals.
[16] Sarah: I think everyone’s here except Mere. John: She said she might be a bit late but actually I think that’s her
arriving now. Sarah: You’re right. Kia ora Mere. Haere mai. Kei te pehea koe? Hi
Mere. Come in. How are you? Mere: Kia ora hoa. Kei te pai Hello my friend. I am fine. Have you
started yet? Holmes 1992, p. 275
From the dialogue, we can observe that Sarah and Mere switch code from English to Maori during the conversation. The code switching these people do reflects
their ethnic identity. The code switching that they perform functions as the tool to strengthen their relationship and solidarity.
3. The Functions of Code Switching According to Mattson and Burenhult
