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E. Data Analysis Technique
Data analysis is the process in which the data from the research are analyzed using several techniques. In this research there were two steps
conducted to analyze the data. First, the researcher watched the recording of the teaching learning
activities in English classrooms. After that the researcher listed the code switching cases that occurred in the classrooms based on the recording. Next, code
switching phenomena which occurred in the classroom were classified into the types as well as the functions of code switching by Poplack 1980 based on the
data from the observation checklist. There were three types of code switching namely inter-sentential switching, intra-sentential switching, and tag switching.
Meanwhile, there are three functions of code switching suggested by Mattson Burenhult 1999 which are topic switch, repetitive functions, and affective
functions. The researcher put tick v in the column of the types of code switching whenever the code switching phenomenon occurred and grouped them based on
the types of code switching. After that the researcher classified the code switching phenomenon occurred based on their functions by putting tick v. It was the
sample of the observation checklist which was adapted from Hoffman 1991 Poplack 1980 and Mattson Burenhult 1999.
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Table 3.1. The Observation Checklist
No Code switching case
Types of code switching
Functions of code switching
IS IN
TS TS
A R
Note: IS
: Inter-sentential switching IN
: Intra-Sentential switching TS
: Tag-switching TS
: Topic switch A
: Affective functions R
: Repetitive functions
The researcher then counted the code switching cases occurred in each type of code switching and made it in percentage form. It was the formula
used by the researcher to analyze the data. ∑ :
x 100 ∑ is the percentage of the each type of code switching occurred in the
classroom. Meanwhile, n is the amount of code switching occurred in each type of code switching.
is the amount of code switching cases occured in the classroom. The formula used to analyze the functions of code switching is
the same as above.
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Second, the researcher gathered the data from the interview about the functions and the effectiveness of code switching done by the English teacher
of SMK N 2 Depok Sleman towards English language learning. The researcher then made notes based on the
teacher’s answer. The notes of the interview then were checked with supporting theories of the functions of code switching
and the effectiveness of code switching towards English language learning.
F. Research Procedure