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CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES
11.4 Community development priorities
In most communities in which the survey was conducted, male and female Shuras were interviewed to obtain their views about development priorities to which the government should pay attention. Figure 11.4 gives an insight into the different
community priorities by residence and gender. Despite the marked progress made in drinking water supply see section 10.3.1, this remains the concern that was most often mentioned as the irst priority for improvement. This is particularly
the case for urban and Kuchi populations, and more so for women than for men 31 against 26 percent. The latter difference might be related to the larger female burden of collecting water and water treatment.
The second development issue that is most frequently mentioned as irst priority by women is improvement of health facilities by 17 percent of the female Shuras and by men improvement of road infrastructure by 21 percent of the male
Shuras. Whereas the male Shuras did not differentiate between improvement for male and female health facilities, the female Shuras mentioned general health facilities as often as health facilities speciically for women data not shown.
This indicates that particularly for women access to health services is a major concern. It can also be noted that the need for health facility improvement is concentrated in rural areas and is much less an issue in urban areas.
Housing and – particularly – electricity as irst development priority is mentioned next often, and about as often by men and women 13-14 percent. Again, this is an issue less important in urban than in rural areas. It should be noted that
electricity provision – together with health care – is consistently among the most mentioned second and third priorities data not shown. The repair of the irrigation system is particularly a rural male issue and hardly igures for women
and urban and Kuchi populations. In the NRVA 2007-08 the reconstruction of the irrigation system was still the most frequently mentioned priority, even at national level.
Education – covering basic education, literacy training and vocational training – is a further main development priority, but more for women 12 percent than for men 8 percent. In addition, whereas the male and female Shuras more or
less alike report the need for basic education for both girls and boys, female Shuras also speciically call for attention to literacy and vocational skills training for women data not shown.
With regard to remaining development priorities, the most notable result is the importance of veterinary services for the Kuchi population, which explains the high value in the ‘Other’ category for the male Shuras. Employment opportunities
and justice and security are not mentioned very often as irst development priorities. This may either mean that the issue is not of primary importance or that communities do not see a major role for the government in improving the situation
in these areas.
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CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES
Figure 11.4: Households, by irst community development priority
a
for a male Shuras and b female Shuras, and by residence in percentages
a Male Shuras
5 10
15 20
25 30
35 40
45 50
55
Drinking water
Road infrastructure
Housing and electricity
Health facilities
Irrigation system
Education facilities
Other Employment
and micro credit
Justice and security
38 28
9 5
3 9
4 5
21 20
16 13
12 8
4 4
2 43
2 15
16
2 7
15 2
26 21
14 12
9 8
5 4
2
Urba n Rura l
Kuchi Na tiona l
b Female Shuras
5 10
15 20
25 30
35 40
45 50
55
Drinking water
Health facilities
Road infrastructure
Housing and electricity
Education facilities
Employment and micro
credit Other
Irrigation system
Justice and security
42
4 21
7 12
8 4
2 1
26 21
11 15
13 5
5 3
2 53
10 6
19
5 7
31
17 13
13 12
6 5
2 1
Urba n Rura l
Kuchi Na tiona l
a Drinking water: improved quality and quantity of drinking water; Road infrastructure: repair and construction of local roads and bridge construction rehabilitation; Housing and electricity: newimproved housing and electricity provision; Health facilities: Newimproved local health facilities for
women, for men and for women and men; Irrigation system: rehabilitation of the irrigation system; Education facilities: newimproved local education facilities for girls, for boys, for girls and boys, literacy training for women, for men and for women and men, vocational skills training for women, for
men and for women and men; Employment and micro credit: increased employment opportunities for women, for men and for women and men, new improved micro-credit schemes; Justice and security: reformedimproved local justice systems, local land or housing dispute settlement mechanisms
and disarmament of local militiacommanders; Other: improved veterinary services, various.
113
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