15 Figure 1. Maslow Hierarchy of Needs
Maslow 1943 acknowledge there only one in a hundred people become fully self-actualized because our society rewards motivation primarily based on
esteem, love and other social needs.
The lack of basic needs is said to motivate people when they are not meet each other. Also, the need to fulfill such needs will become stronger as the longer
the duration they are denied. For example, the longer a person goes without food they will become more hungry from time to time. A man must satisfy lower level
basic needs before progressing to higher level growth needs. Once these needs have been reasonably satisfied, he may be able to reach the highest level of needs
called self-actualization.
D. John Green and The Fault in Our Stars
The Fault in Our Stars story is a sum of Greens experience working with terminally ill kids and his encounters with his online fans, and one in particular.
Green gives a lot of credit for the novel to his friendship with Esther Earl, the girl
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to whom he dedicated it. According to Green, Esther’s biggest contribution to the novel was that he truly liked her and was genuinely angry when she passed away.
For him, writing the novel was a way of working through his own grief and anger and coming to terms with the loss of a loved friend, who taught him a great deal
about the truths, horrors, and clichés that are a part of living with cancer.
E. Previous Research Findings
There are two literary types of research that focus on psychological analysis and socio-emotional development. The first thesis is Eka
Setiawati’s thesis entitled
“The Psychological Effect of World War II on Ira Hayes and John Bradley’s Character in James Bradley’s Flags of Our Fathers” in 2011. The
thesis focuses on describing the psychological matter experienced by the main character after the world war and how the character deals with the traumatic
experience related to Adler’s individual psychological theory. The results of the
research show that there are two crises suffered by the main characters according to Adler
’s individual psychological theory; those are inferiority feeling and style of life.
The second thesis is Dwi Purwaningrum ’s thesis entitled “A Struggle for
Love in F. Scott Fitzgerald The Great Gatsby: An Individual Psychological Approach
” in 2006. This research focuses on identifying the condition experienced by the main character in the novel and the impact of the crisis toward
the character’s psychological development related to Adler’s individual psychological theory. The result of the research shows that there are three
