specified and be related to the time available. It implies collaboration and negotiation among all those involved with the course, for instance, organizers, teachers, and
students. Fourth, the students on an ESP course are likely to be adults rather than
children. It is often assumed that ESP students will not be beginners but they have already studied general English for some years. Fifth, an ESP course consists of
identical students. It means that all the students in a class are involved in the same kind of work or specialist studies.
3. Integrated Materials
Integrated materials are the materials which cover the four skills listening, speaking, reading, and writing which are interconnected each other. Richards and
Rodgers 2001: 208 state that language use is perceived as involving several skills together. Students are often involved in activities that link the skills, because this is
how the skills are generally involved in the real world. Hence, students might read and take notes, listen and write a summary, or respond orally to things they have read
or written. In integrated materials, grammar is seen as a component of other skills. The topics for integrated materials are selected to provide coherence and continuity
across skill areas and focus on the use of language in connected discourse rather than isolated fragments.
4. The 2006 Edition of School-Based Curriculum
Recently, all schools in Indonesia have applied the 2006 Edition of School- Based Curriculum. One of them is SMKN 5 Yogyakarta. Muslich 2007: 17 states
that School-Based Curriculum is a little bit different with the previous curriculum used in Indonesia, which was Competency-Based Curriculum. School-Based
Curriculum is a curriculum which was proposed as the improvement of Competency- Based Curriculum. Robertson 1971: 564, as mentioned in Yalden 1987: 18,
defines curriculum as the goals, objectives, content, processes, resources, and means of evaluation of all the learning experiences planned for pupils both in and out the
school and community through classroom instruction and related programs. Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan
, an association which designs the guideline for the 2006 Edition of School-Based Curriculum, as quoted in Muslich 2007: 17, states
that the 2006 Edition of School-Based Curriculum is the operational curriculum which is managed and done in each school. The schools are demanded to develop
their own curriculum and make the materials. This curriculum is required to help the students to reach the standard of the students’ competencies. Therefore, the materials
that will be used must be adjusted with the school level, regional characteristics, society cultural, and students’ characteristics.
5. Communicative Tasks
Nunan 1989: 10 defines a communicative task as “a piece of classroom work which involves learners in comprehending, manipulating, producing or interacting in
the target language while their attention is principally focused on meaning rather PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
