Table 4.8 The result calculation of post
– test of controlled class
Score F
Y Y
Fy y
2
fy
2
40 – 47
3 43.5
3 9
9 27
48 – 55
6 51.5
2 12
4 24
56 – 63
8 59.5
1 8
1 8
64 – 71
13 67.5
72 – 79
6 75.5
-1 -6
1 6
80 – 87
3 83.5
-2 -6
4 12
N = 39 ∑ =
17 ∑
2
= 77
∑ = 67.5 + 8 17 = 71.02 N
39
√∑ – ∑
= 8 √ –
= 10.68 N
N 39
39
6. SE
my
= SD
y
= 10.68 = 10.68 = 1.733 √
y
– 1 √ 6.16
7. SE
mx-my
= √
= √
= 2.323
8. t
o
= =
= 2.488
9. Determining t-table in significance 5 with degree of freedom df. df = N1 + N2
– 2 = 39+39 – 2 = 76 from the t table t
t
, df = 76 with the degree of significance 5 is 1.992. 5 = t
o
t
table
= 2.488 1.992
10. The Testing of Hypothesis The statistical hypothesis of this research can be seen as:
Ho: There is no significant progress in using numbered heads together technique in improving students’ reading ability in descriptive text.
Ha: There is a significant progress in using numbered heads technique in improving students’ reading ability in descriptive text.
And then, the criteria used as follows: 1. If t-test t
o
t-table t
t
in significant degree of 0.05, Ho null hypothesis is rejected.
2. If t-test t
o
t-table t
t
in significant degree of 0.05, Ho the null hypothesis is accepted.
D. Interpretation of the data
In the description of data, the researcher described the data which had already taken in the both classes clearly. The table 4.1 showed
the students’ reading score in experiment class. From 39 students, mean of pre
–test is 54.74 and mean of post
–test is 68.33. Then in table 4.2 and 4.3 showed the interval score and
frequency of students’ reading pre-test and post-test score in experiment class. There were 12 students got the smallest score in the interval 40-46 and only two
students got the highest score in the interval 75-81. Then, there were 4 students got the smallest score in the interval 45-52 and 8 students got the highest score in
the interval 77-92.
Next, in table 4.4 showed the students’ reading score in controlled class.
From 39 students, mean of pre –test is 59.36 and mean of post–test is 64.48. In
table 4.5 and 4.6 showed the interval score and frequency of students’ reading
pre-test and post-test score in controlled class. There were 8 students got the smallest pre
–test score in the interval 40-46 and 5 students got the highest score in the interval 75-81. Then, there were 3 students got the smallest score in the
interval 40-47 and 3 students got the highest score in the interval 80-87. So the researcher can be summarized mean of pre
–test in controlled class 59.36 is higher than pre
–test in experimental class 54.74. Whereas mean of post–test in controlled class 64.48 is lower than in experimental class 68.33. And mean of
gained score in controlled class 5.38 is also lower than mean of gained score in
experimental class 13.58.
Before analyzing the hypothesis, the researcher had to analyze the normality of the data. This analysis is used to see whether or not the data got in the research
has been normally distributed. The result of normality can be seen by comparing the value of T
max
to T
table
. The result showed that both the data pre-test and post- test in experiment class were distribute normally. According to criteria of the test,
it can be seen in the result that T
max
pre-test and post-test T
table
0.134 and 0.099 0.161. Both the data of pre-test and post-test in controlled class also
showed that they were distributed normally. According to criteria of the test, it can be seen in the result that T
max
pre-test and post-test T
table
0.135 and 0.109 0.161. It means that all the data in both pre-test ad post-test of experimental
and controlled class were distributed normally.
The next analyzing is analyzing homogeneity of data. The purpose is to see whether the data or sample in both classes was homogenous or heterogonous. The
researcher did the calculation of homogeneity. The result showed F F
α n1-1, n2-2
1.028 1.84. Based on the criteria, it means that the sample in experiment class
and controlled class were homogenous.
The last calculation was testing the hypothesis. This was the main calculation to answer the problem formulation of this research that whether there
is significant different between students’ reading ability in descriptive text in experiment class which given technique numbered heads together and controlled
class without technique numbered heads together. The researcher used T-test formula in the significance degree α of 5. The result showed that t-test t
o
t- table t
t
2.48 1.99. It means that t-test was higher in the value 2.48 than t- table. So, the null hypothesis Ho is rejected. It means that alternative hypothesis
H
a
is accepted that there is a significant progress in using numbered heads technique in impr
oving students’ reading ability in descriptive text.
