numbered heads together can encourage positive interdependence because themembers depend on each other to arrive at a good answer and to help each
member to be able to explain the answer. Individual accountability is also emphasized because everyone needs to be ready to represent the team and to
help the others be ready. Simultaneous interaction is fostered because once the teacher announces the questions, all the members will join their heads together.
Equal participation can take place since all the members have the chance to be called as the teacher calls the numbers 1,2,3,4 at random using a number
wheel or any other device that can be improvised by the teacher.
28
In addition, this structure facilitates positive interdependence, while promoting individual accountability. It also gives confidence to lower achievers because they
know they will have the correct answer to give to the class.
29
It can be concluded that numbered heads together give many advantages to students, because when they work together in group, each member of the group must
know the correct answer so they must help each other. The students never know what the number will be called by the teacher so they must be ready and concrentration. It
also can improve students’ confidence in explaining the answer especially for lower students who usually ashamed in class. This also can make students active and
enthusiastic in learning process.
3. The Steps in Numbered Heads Together
According to Jacobs, this technique involves four steps, they are: 1 each student in a group of four gets a number: 1, 2, 3, or 4, 2 the teacher or a student asks
a question based on the text the class is reading, 3 students in each group put their heads together to come up with an answer or answers. They should also be ready to
supply support for their answers from the text andor from other knowledge, 4 the teacher calls a number from 1 to 4. The person with that number gives and explains
their group’s answer.
30
28
Eleonor C. Cayabyab and George M. Jacobs, Making Small Groups Work Via Cooperative Learning, The ACELT Journal, Vo.3, No.2, October 1999, p.30.
29
www.learnnc.orgIppages4772
30
Ibid., 52
So, there are some steps in doing numbered heads together technique such as firstly, teacher divided class into some groups that consist of four students, each
student has a number 1,2,3 and 4; next, teacher asks a question based on the descriptive text which given by teacher; then students put their heads together to
discuss about the answer, each student has responsibility to make sure all members in their group know the answer; the last, teacher called a number randomly and the
student with that number must answered it with the explanation.
D. Previous Related Studies
The first study is conducted by Hadi 2011 under the title“Using Numbered
Heads Together to Improve the Reading Ability of the eight grade of MTs Al-Amin Mojokerto
”. This research used a classroom action research. The data obtained from one class of the grade eight, VIII-B. The class consisted of 25 students. He did the
numbered heads together technique to improve students’ reading ability in narrative text. The result of the research showed that the use of NHT technique has given
positive influence in teaching narrative text. It can be seen from preliminary study pre-test, ten 40 out of 25 students got score below 70, the minimum degree of
achievement. In post test, only one student 4 out of 25 students achieved score below 70. Besides, in preliminary study, only three out of 25 students were active or
gave positive responses toward the teaching reading activities, while in Cycle 1, 20 students were active and 24 96 students gave positive response toward the
implementation of NHT in reading class. They were interested, motivated, confident, and cooperative with their classmates.
The second study is conducted by Afrilia 2012 under the titl e “The Effect of
Numbered Heads Together Technique on Reading Comprehension Achievement of The Eighth Grade Students at SMP Negeri 2 Tamanan Bondowoso in the 20112012
academic year ”. This research used experimental study. This research covered the
stages of administering homogeneity test; determining two classes as the experimental group and the control group; giving treatment that was teaching reading
