The connections among those three angles are interrelated. If the three angles are exist in a speech, the aims of the speech can be received easily. When a
speaker only consider pathos which uses the speaker’s emotion without his or her
credibility, he or she may not be trusted. However, if the speaker only focuses on logos without using pathos, the speech will not sound good as well. It will be better
if all of the three completing each other to reach the desired goal.
2.2.4.1 Logical appeal
Logical aspect in argument comes from fact, theories and inferences. To make a logical argument, using evidences, reasons and examples to prove or to support a
claim have a strong effect to people’ minds. According to Dietsch 2003:245, an evidence is known as reliable if it comes from primary sources, statistics,
established truth, expert opinion and personal experience. When we get the evidence first hand, we call it as primary resource which means the documents are
more credible because it does not need to pass the second person. Statistics also can reflect the logical side of argument as long as it comes from reputable statistic
institution. Scientific, geographical and historical truths are rarely to be debated. Expert opinion which is qualified can also be a strong support to a claim . Last but
not least, a claim can be completed through personal experiences in which the people are involved in the event.
2.2.4.2. Ethical appeal
Derived from the word ‘ethic’, this appeal deals with a set of moral values for an
individual or a group of society. Ethical appeal exists in order to evoke the listener
to do what is right or wrong, good or bad. An ethical argument needs to suit the listeners’ needs and rights. It is forbidden to use arguments to deceive people for
bad aims. For example, a social event speaker evokes the visitors to give their money to help poor families. However, he takes the money for his own sake.
A good speaker must use evidences and reasons and keep the arguments logical so there is no fallacy and excessive emotional appeals. To be successful in
taking speakers’ appeals, we can discuss and give statements back to hinder
objections and making goodwill Clouse, 2004:393. By employing ethical appeal, the speaker intends to change the mind of the
listener by arising certain value or moral in the stand point Knefel, 1991:272. Ethical appeal comes from the moral character of the speaker.Listeneres are easier
to be persuaded as they believe in the sincerity and ethical convictions of the speaker. The speaker may influence the listeners to do what their heart tell them to
do. Knefel 1991:273 gives an example where the use of pepticide should be paid attention as there is no attention relating to it. Here the speaker gives his concern
and show his ethical appeal.
2.2.4.3. Emotional appeal
