Production order in detail

314 The Hour Account and Cycle Account lets you define the links to analytical account to report the costs of the workcenter operations. If you leave the different fields empty Open ERP will nott have any effect on the analytic accounts.

21.9.3 Routing

Routings define the assembly operations to be done in workcenters for manufacturing a certain product. They are usually attached to bills of materials which will define the assembly of products required for manufacture or for finished products. A routing can be defined directly in a bill of materials or through the menu Manufacturing → Configuration → Master Bill of Materials → Routings. A routing has a name, a code and a description. Later in this chapter you will see that a routing can also be associated with a stock location. That enable you to indicate where assembly takes place. Figure 21.21: Definition of a routing with three operations Note: Subcontracting assembly You will see further on in this chapter that it is possible to link a routing and a stock location for the customer or the supplier. You do this after you have subcontracted the assembly of a product to a supplier, for example. In the routing you must show the list of operations that must be done. Each operation must be done at a workcenter and possess a number of hours andor cycles be done.

21.9.4 Impact on the production order

The routings are then attached to the bills of materials which are then also used to generate product order. On a production order you will find assembly operations for manufacture on the Work Orders tab. 315 Figure 21.22: Operations on a production order The times and the cycles shown in the production order are, in the same way as the materials, theoretical data. The user can change the values to reflect reality for manufacture. So if you use routings, Open ERP automatically calculates the operations required for the production order. If the workcenters are linked to analytic accounts, at the end of production, Open EEP will generate the analytic accounts representing the costs of manufacture. This will allow you to work out profitability per workcenter or manufacturing unit through analytic accounting. But the routings also enable you to manage your production capacity. You will be able to leave the demand charts for the days weeks months ahead to validate that you do not forecast more than you are capable of producing. To see a demand chart, list the workcenters using the menu Manufacturing → Configuration → Resources → Workcenters . Then select one or several workcenters and click on the action Workcenter Load. Open ERP then asks you if you work in cycles or in hours and your interval is calculated by day, week or month. Figure 21.23: Charge by workcenter Tip: Theoretical times Once the routings have been clearly defined, you determine the effective working time per assembly worker. This is the time actually taken by the assembly worker for each operation. That enables you to compare the real working time in your company and work out the productivity per person. 316

21.9.5 Work operations

A production order defines the use of the products defined in the Bills of Materials, and the operations defined in the routing. You have seen how to handle manufacturing production as a top-level process, but some companies prefer to have finer-grained control of operations where instead of specifying just the production process itself, they enter data on each constituent production operation.

21.9.6 Management of operations

Note: Operations Operations are often called work orders. To work using work orders you must install the optional module mrp_operations. Once the module is installed you will find a new menu called Manufacturing → Manufacturing → Work Orders. Figure 21.24: Work Order definition The assembly workers must then encode each step operation by operation and, for each step, the real working time for it. OpenERP support the editable workflow through the menu Administration → Customization → Workflows → Workflows. You can find the operation workflow and edit according to necessecity. Figure 21.25: List of operations to be carried out Operations must then be carried out one by one. On each operation the operator can click on Start button. The time is then worked out automatically on the operation between the two changes of status. The operator can also