Set any applicable properties, and then click the OK button.

Glossary ISOOSI International Organization for StandardizationOpen Systems Interconnect The ISOOSI model is a set of standards that define network functionality. ISOOSI sets standards for cabling, NICs, protocols, and so on. ISP Internet service provider A company or service that provides access to the Internet for a monthly fee. ITU-TSS International Telecommunications Union-Telecommunications Standards Section An organization that sets international telecommunications standards that govern, in part, the definition of modem speeds and operations; formerly known as the CCITT. Java A programming language that enables embedded motion on a Web page, thus making the Web page more dynamic than static. Java programs you download from the Internet are usually safe from viruses or other harmful additions. jitter The fluctuation of a data packet with respect to the standard clock cycle. JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group A file format for graphics. A good format to use on the Internet, because the graphic is compressed when saved in this format. Use JPEG for photographs, in particular. jumpers Small switches that complete a circuit between two pins on an adapter card. When you adjust the jumpers, you can change the IRQ, base memory address, or IO port address. Plug and Play cards don’t have jumpers. Kbps kilobits per second A measure of data transmission or network speed. 1Kbps is 1,024bps. kernel The core of the operating system that interfaces directly with the hardware. kilobits per second See Kbps. kilobyte A kilobyte K contains 1,024 bytes. Your file sizes represented in the Windows Explorer, for example, are listed in kilobytes if the files are small. Kilo- is the prefix for 1,000 in the metric system. L1 cache There are two levels of cache in a computer: L1 level 1 and L2 level 2. L1 cache, also known as internal cache, is a small amount of fast memory. See also L2 cache. L2 cache The L2 cache is linked directly to the processor to make it react quicker to proces- sor requests. All computers have L1 cache; not all computers have L2. See also L1 cache. LAN local area network A set of computers and other equipment printers, hubs, and so on that communicate through local cabling using networking protocols. A LAN might refer to a workgroup or clientserver network; it might cover computers in one room or office, in a building, or spanning several buildings. laptop computer A portable computer with a flat screen and keyboard that fold together in one piece. Laptops are larger and heavier than notebooks. They are also older than notebook computers. LAWN local-area wireless network A network that uses radio transmissions to communicate with other computers. leased line Refers to a phone, ISDN, xDSL, frame relay, or other line that is rented for exclusive, 24-hours-a-day, 7-days-a-week use. Glossary LED light-emitting diode A device that radiates light at a single frequency through plastic or glass. legacy Refers to any pre-Windows software or hardware. Legacy cards, for example, don’t support Plug and Play. Legacy software might be designed for Linux or Unix operating systems, even though it still works with Windows. licensing These are issued by the manufacturer and state the legal uses of programs. light-emitting diode See LED. link also called hyperlink A phrase or picture that you click to jump to another page in a Web site. LinkLocal Windows 98 includes another method of configuring a TCPIP network called LinkLocal. LinkLocal creates automatic private IP addressing. You can use LinkLocal if you have a network that doesn’t have a DHCP server and if your computer is not a host computer on the Internet. Linux A free operating system that began in 1991. The Linux kernel runs on Intel and Alpha hardware. The program is in the general release and available under the GNU General Public License. There are hundreds of “flavors” of Linux available, including Mandrake, Red Hat, and many others. local area network See LAN. local printer Your local printer is attached directly to your computer with a parallel or serial cable or by means of wireless communications. LocalTalk A protocol for networking Macintosh computers. log on Logging on means you enter your username and password in a dialog box, and then Windows uses that information to authenticate you on the network. When you are authenti- cated, you gain access to the network resources for which you have access. Log in means the same as log on. logical drive A logical drive isn’t a physical drive in your computer; rather it is a partition on one drive that is given an arbitrary letter, such as E, F, G, and so on. LonWorks A protocol used in home and building automation. You can connect up to 32,000 devices to a LonWorks network. Intelligent control devices, called nodes, communicate with each other by using the LonWorks protocol. Each node has the intelligence to use the proto- col to perform its own control functions. Nodes might be sensors, motion detectors, instru- ments, and so on. M See megabytes. MAC Media Access Control address An Ethernet address also is called a MAC address. It’s a number written as 12 hexadecimal digits — 0 through 9 and A through F — as in 0080001021ef. Alternatively, a MAC address might have six hexadecimal numbers separated by periods or colons, as in 0:80:0:2:21:ef. The MAC address is unique to each computer and does not identify the location of the computer, only the computer itself. macro virus A macro virus travels in a Word document and is activated only when the docu- ment is opened in Word. If you don’t open the document containing the macro, the macro isn’t activated. You might catch a macro virus from an infected file on a floppy disk or attached to an e-mail message. Glossary mail server A central point where the electronic mailboxes are stored. The server may be remote or central to the network. map Network maps describe how a network is put together. Not only does the map show where the computers and peripherals are located, but it also tracks important information about wiring, networking hardware, and even software used throughout your system. mapping a drive A method of reconnecting to a network drive and folder as a shortcut. You assign a drive letter — such as J, K, L, M, N, or other drive not currently in use — to represent the path to the resource. MB See megabytes. Mbps megabits per second A measure of data transmission or network speed equaling 1 million bits or 1,000 kilobits per second. MCA Micro Channel Architecture A 32-bit expansion bus designed for multiprocessing. Expansion boards identify themselves, thus eliminating any conflicts created by manual con- figuration. Used only on IBM PS2s. meg See megabytes. megabit A megabit Mbit equals 1,048,576 binary digits, or bits of data. In general, a megabit is the equivalent of 1 million bits. megabits per second See Mbps. megabytes MB, M, or meg A megabyte MB contains 1,048,576 bytes. Mega- is the prefix for 1 million in the metric system. It is used in representing file size, as well as computer memory and hard disk capacity. megahertz See MHz. mesh topology Represents a wide area network WAN used in large corporations, universities, and government agencies. Mesh uses multiple paths to connect multiple sites or buildings. MHz megahertz One million cycles per second. A unit of measure for frequency. Micro Channel Architecture See MCA. microprocessor The processor chip in a computer. A microprocessor is miniaturized, whereas previous processors were built into integrated circuit boards with many large components. Microsoft Client for NetWare Networks A client that’s created by Microsoft to enable users to connect to a NetWare server over the network. As a NetWare client, Windows can share files, print, and use other resources on the server for which it has permissions. Microsoft Exchange A mail program that supplies a universal inbox for e-mail. You can receive e-mail from a local network or the Internet, among others. MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface A MIDI interface enables you to control synthe- sizers and other electronic instruments connected to the computer. MIDI is also a file type. modem MOdulate DEModulate A device connected to the computer, either inside the box internally or externally, that enables the computer to communicate over telephone lines in analog waves with another modem and computer on the other end of the line.