The final dialog box appears. Click Finish.

Glossary newsgroup On the Internet, a group of individuals who post messages about a specific topic. Newsgroups use Usenet, a network of thousands of topics and posting sites. NFS Network File System NFS enables a computer to use files and peripherals as if they were local. NIC See network interface card. node Any device connected to a network, such as a client, server, hub, printer, and so on. noninterlacing Interlacing refers to how a monitor refreshes, or redraws, the screen. Interlacing monitors skip every other line during the redraw process, thus producing a flicker or jitter on the screen. Noninterlaced monitors scan every line, providing the best screen quality. NOS See network operating system. notebook computer A portable computer with a flat screen and keyboard that fold together to form one piece. Notebooks are smaller than laptops. Novell NetWare A 32-bit operating system that runs on 386 and higher processors. NetWare works with a variety of client computers, including Windows, Macs, and Linux. null modem A cable used to connect two computers. Data flows from one computer to the other, only in one direction at a time, so the two computers cannot try to send data to each other simultaneously. A null modem cable is an RS-232-C cable. A null modem cable connects the serial ports. OCR optical character recognition A type of program that enables you to scan typewritten text and convert it to a file you can read and edit with a word processor. octet A set of eight. With computers, octet refers to the 8 bits in 1 byte. offline Refers to a device that is not ready to accept input, such as a printer or your modem. online Working on a computer while it is connected to another computer, via a network, the Internet, and such. open source A type of software freely distributed. The source code for the software, such as with Perl or Linux, is free to everyone so they can help develop the software and customize it. Open Systems Interconnection See OSI model. operating system OS The software that controls hardware resources and enables you to interact with the computer’s applications. Windows XP, Macintosh System 8, 9, and OS X, and Slackware are operating systems. optical character recognition See OCR. OS See operating system. OSI model Open Systems Interconnection A seven-layer model that establishes a standard set of protocols for interoperability between networked computers. packet Data is sent over a network in packets, or blocks. Each packet not only contains a part of the data you want to send, but also contains the name of the sender and the receiver and some error-control information to help make sure the packet makes it to its destination in one piece. Glossary palmtop computer Also called a handheld device, a palmtop computer is a PC or other elec- tronic device that has many of the same features a computer has, but the palmtop fits in your hand. See handheld device. parallel port An inputoutput port that manages information 8 bits at a time; parallel ports are often used for connecting printers to a computer as well. You generally can find a high- speed direct parallel cable at any computer store. parameters In MS-DOS commands, parameters are additional information the command needs to continue or to complete the task. The parameter defines the object on which the command acts. partitioning Refers to dividing your hard disk into sections. The operating system treats different partitions on the hard disk as if they were separate drives. passkey An authentication method used with wireless access points. Generally, a passkey phrase is entered by the user; the phrase words generates an alphanumeric key that you enter into a second access point so that the two WAPs can communicate. patch panel Patch panels contain 8, 12, or 24 jacks within a strip for easy connection to solid cables. You can attach the patch panel to the wall, insert the solid cables, and then insert the patch cables on the other side — leading to your hub — for safe and effective wiring of your network. path Defines the complete location of a folder or file, such as C:\Windows\Program files. A network path begins with two backslashes, to identify the path as a network path, such as \\Sue\My Documents. PC personal computer A microcomputer for use by an individual, as in an office or at home or school. Also, an IBM-compatible computer, as opposed to a Macintosh. PC card A type of PCMCIA card. The card is smaller than normal adapter cards and works with portable computers to provide functionality for modems, sound, video, and other devices. PC companion Similar to a notebook PC but costing considerably less, PC companions are lightweight devices that have an instant-on capability, and maintain keyboards that are large enough for touch typing. The PC companion enables users to send and receive e-mail and perform simple word processing, task management, scheduling, and so on. PCI Peripheral Component Interface bus An Intel specification that defines a local bus that enables up to ten PCI-compliant expansion cards to be plugged in to the computer. PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association PCMCIA is a stan- dard for portable computers. The PCMCIA card is usually about the size of a credit card. There are several versions, or types, of PCMCIA cards; the types define the thickness and uses of the card. PDA personal digital assistant See handheld device. peer-to-peer network A network in which all computers on the network have an equal rank; all share their resources — including files, folders, drives, printers, and so on — with all oth- ers on the network. See also workgroup network. peripheral Any piece of equipment attached to a computer, such as a CD-ROM drive, tape drive, Zip or other drive, printer, scanner, digital camera, and so on. Glossary Peripheral Component Interface bus See PCI. permissions Similar to rights, permissions are characteristics given to users of a network to allow or prevent access to files and other resources on the network. See Rights. personal computer See PC. Personal Computer Memory Card International Association See PCMCIA. personal digital assistant PDA See handheld device. physical layer One of the ISOOSI layers. The physical layer defines the cabling. PING The PING command sends TCPIP packets to the designated computer. If PING is suc- cessful, TCPIP sends the packets back. Use PING to verify that the TCPIP configuration is correct, that local computers are communicating with each other, and that remote computers are communicating with local computers. Plug and Play A Windows specification that makes it easy to install adapter cards and other hardware. All you need to do is insert the hardware and turn Windows on. Windows automati- cally configures the IRQ, DMA, and other settings for the hardware. PnP or P ‘n’ P See Plug and Play. point of presence See POP. Point-to-Point Protocol See PPP. Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol See PPTP. POP point of presence The e-mail host name. The host is the server that holds the e-mail messages for you until you log on and get your messages. port The device that enables data to transfer to and from a computer or other piece of equip- ment. A parallel port, for example, enables the computer to send printing data across a cable to the printer. A serial port enables information to travel to a modem or other device. post A term for sending a message to a newsgroup or other service. power line network In a power line network, you use electrical outlets in your home to attach computers for sharing files, printers, Internet accounts, and peripherals. It’s important to note that the transmission speeds for power line networks are slow. Data transmission speeds are around 350 Kbps. PPP Point-to-Point Protocol This protocol is often used with remote access, because it enables computers to load other protocols — such as TCPIP, NetBEUI, and so on — in addi- tion to the PPP. PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol A protocol that enables you to have secure access to a virtual private network. presentation layer One of the ISOOSI layers. The presentation layer identifies the way the data is formatted. PRI Primary Rate Interface PRI lines are a type of ISDN line that are more expensive than BRI because of a higher bandwidth connection. PRI supplies speeds up to 1.5 Mbps.