Make changes to the dialing properties. 6. Click OK to close the dialog box, and click OK again.

Glossary hub A networking device that enables attached devices to receive data transmitted over the network. Most networks need a hub to help modify transmission signals and to extend the network past two workstations. HVAC heating, ventilation, air conditioning A common acronym for the environmental systems in your home. hypertext The text on the page that supplies the links. When you click on these links — rep- resented as underlined text, and often as graphics, on a Web page — you “jump” to another Web page. Using links, you can view information or images related to the original topic. Hypertext Markup Language See HTML. Hypertext Transfer Protocol See HTTP. ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol One of the TCPIP protocols. It helps IP communi- cate error information about the IP transmissions. IDE Integrated Device Electronics A popular hard disk interface standard that provides only medium-to-fast data transfer rates. IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Networking cabling and other equipment have standards that are set by the IEEE to ensure interoperability of products and services from vendor to vendor. IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol One of the TCPIP protocols. It enables IP datagrams to be broadcast to computers that belong to groups. incremental backup This type of backup backs up only the files that have changed since the last incremental or full backup. Industry Standard Architecture See ISA. infrared A method of wireless networking connection using high-frequency light waves instead of cabling to transmit data. With infrared, you must have a clear line of sight between the two computers, because the light waves cannot penetrate obstacles. inputoutput See IO port. Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers See IEEE. Integrated Device Electronics See IDE. Integrated Services Digital Network See ISDN. intelligent home also SmartHome or smart home Intelligent homes vary from those hav- ing simple motion detectors outside to those that are fully connected and fully wired with automatic heating and cooling, security cameras, whole-house video and audio, and more. International Organization for StandardizationOpen Systems Interconnect See ISOOSI. International Telecommunications Union-Telecommunications Standards Section See ITU-TSS. Internet An internetwork of smaller networks that spans the entire world. Each smaller net- work contains servers that display information of various types on the Web WWW, or World Wide Web. The Internet is a public network, available to all who have a computer with the appropriate software and a connection to the Internet. Glossary Internet Control Message Protocol See ICMP. Internet Group Management Protocol See IGMP. Internet Protocol See IP. Internet Relay Chat See IRC. Internet service provider See ISP. Internetwork Packet ExchangeSequenced Packet Exchange See IPXSPX. InterNIC Internet Network Information Center To ensure that the IP addresses used on the Internet are unique, the InterNIC must assign any address used on the Internet. InterNIC is the controlling agency for IP addresses and domain names. interrupt request See IRQ. intranet A private Internet — that is, a network within your home network on which you pub- lish documents to view with your Web browser. You use these Internet tools — HTTP, HTML, TCPIP, Web browsers, and more — to create and use the intranet. An intranet may or may not be connected to the Internet. IO inputoutput port A port on the computer to which you can attach hardware, such as a joystick. The IO is the means by which data is transferred between the computer and its peripheral devices. IP Internet Protocol One of the TCPIP protocols that provides routing services over multi- ple networks. IP enables network packets to move data between network segments and to travel across routers. IP is a routing protocol, meaning that it directs datagrams from the source to the destination. IP address An identifier for the ISP’s server. Often the IP address looks similar to this: 205.112.134.121. IPCONFIG A utility included with TCPIP that displays the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway for all network adapter cards on your computer. IPCONFIG is handy for checking a computer’s address quickly. It also can detect bad IP addresses or subnet masks. IPXSPX Internetwork Packet ExchangeSequenced Packet Exchange A protocol frequently used with Novell NetWare networks, although you also can use it with Microsoft networks. IPXSPX supports many of Windows’s features, including NetBIOS, Windows sockets, and others. IRC A popular method used on the Internet and in private networks to chat between comput- ers and sometimes share applications. IRQ interrupt request A hardware signal sent to the central processing unit. Each device must send an IRQ before the CPU can process the request for service. Hardware lines carry a device’s signal to the processor. When a device wants to communicate with the processor, it causes an IRQ to gain the processor’s attention. ISA Industry Standard Architecture A 16-bit bus design. ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network A digital service that transmits data, voice, and video. ISDN lines are copper, twisted-pair cabling that you can lease from your local phone company. ISDN supplies low noise, less interference, and good security. ISDN runs at speeds from 56 Kbps to 45 Mbps, depending on the cabling type. Glossary ISOOSI International Organization for StandardizationOpen Systems Interconnect The ISOOSI model is a set of standards that define network functionality. ISOOSI sets standards for cabling, NICs, protocols, and so on. ISP Internet service provider A company or service that provides access to the Internet for a monthly fee. ITU-TSS International Telecommunications Union-Telecommunications Standards Section An organization that sets international telecommunications standards that govern, in part, the definition of modem speeds and operations; formerly known as the CCITT. Java A programming language that enables embedded motion on a Web page, thus making the Web page more dynamic than static. Java programs you download from the Internet are usually safe from viruses or other harmful additions. jitter The fluctuation of a data packet with respect to the standard clock cycle. JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group A file format for graphics. A good format to use on the Internet, because the graphic is compressed when saved in this format. Use JPEG for photographs, in particular. jumpers Small switches that complete a circuit between two pins on an adapter card. When you adjust the jumpers, you can change the IRQ, base memory address, or IO port address. Plug and Play cards don’t have jumpers. Kbps kilobits per second A measure of data transmission or network speed. 1Kbps is 1,024bps. kernel The core of the operating system that interfaces directly with the hardware. kilobits per second See Kbps. kilobyte A kilobyte K contains 1,024 bytes. Your file sizes represented in the Windows Explorer, for example, are listed in kilobytes if the files are small. Kilo- is the prefix for 1,000 in the metric system. L1 cache There are two levels of cache in a computer: L1 level 1 and L2 level 2. L1 cache, also known as internal cache, is a small amount of fast memory. See also L2 cache. L2 cache The L2 cache is linked directly to the processor to make it react quicker to proces- sor requests. All computers have L1 cache; not all computers have L2. See also L1 cache. LAN local area network A set of computers and other equipment printers, hubs, and so on that communicate through local cabling using networking protocols. A LAN might refer to a workgroup or clientserver network; it might cover computers in one room or office, in a building, or spanning several buildings. laptop computer A portable computer with a flat screen and keyboard that fold together in one piece. Laptops are larger and heavier than notebooks. They are also older than notebook computers. LAWN local-area wireless network A network that uses radio transmissions to communicate with other computers. leased line Refers to a phone, ISDN, xDSL, frame relay, or other line that is rented for exclusive, 24-hours-a-day, 7-days-a-week use.