the Internet which everyone in the world had access to watch the video and read the subtitles.
C. Research Subject
A researcher could act as the observer or the addressee in a study, as Merriam 2009 says, “The researcher can assume one of the several stances while
collecting information as an observer; stances range from being a full participant to being a spectator.”. Gold’s 1958 classic typology offers a spectrum of four
possible stances, which are complete participant, participant as observer, observer as participant, and complete observer.
In this study, the subjects were the researcher and the evaluator. The researcher included as a complete participant, as the researcher assess the data by
himself. The task of the researcher was to assess by scoring whether the translation subtitles were equivalent and acceptable or not. Another research
subject was the evaluator, that was included as a participant as observer. The task of the evaluator was to validate the scoring result. In addition, improving the
scoring system and giving comments about the translation based on the evaluator’s knowledge of translation principles of equivalence and acceptability
was mandatory. Therefore, the method of sampling that the researcher used was purposive sampling. Purposive sampling, as mentioned by Sutopo 2002, is seen
as more capable to obtain the completeness and the depth of the data.
D. Research Instruments and Data Gathering Technique
In this study, the researcher involved some research instruments. According to Ary et al. 2010, instrument is a device for operationally defining a
variable. The instruments in this study were human and the document.
1. Human Instrument
Human was employed as the primary instrument in this study. According to Ary et al. 2010, human is the primary instrument for a qualitative research to
gather and analyze data as its nature which is flexible to obtain the data. The meaning of human here was the researcher and the evaluator.
In this study, the researcher took the role as the assessor. The assessor was the person who assesses or score the translation equivalence and acceptability.
Another human instrument was the evaluator. The evaluator here was a translation lecturer of English Language Education. In this study, the researcher and the
evaluator were called the reviewers. Nababan 2012 describes the criteria of the reviewers for each aspect of the translation product. It was described that the
reviewers for the equivalence aspect, were the professional and experienced translators in the field of textual translation from Bahasa Indonesia to English and
vice versa. Ary et al. 2010 add that it is important that the writer gives some personal and professional information about him-or-herself that might be relevant
to the inquiry. In this study, the researcher was qualified since the researcher had attended a translation course and trained to translate some documents, and the
evaluator was also qualified towards this criterion since the evaluator was a translation lecturer of English Language Education. Nababan 2012 also states
that the reviewers of the translation who conducted translation testing for the acceptability aspect should be mastering the use of standard Indonesian grammar,
or it could be concluded as bilinguals in both languages: source and target language. Understanding this criterion, the researcher and the evaluator was
qualified since Bahasa Indonesia was their first language, and the English language was the language which the researcher and the evaluator used often and
had been learning for years. For those circumstances, the researcher and the evaluator were enough to fulfil the requirements of a qualified reviewers of the
translations. Therefore, it was advantageous if the researcher obtained the data from the
researcher himself and validated by an evaluator by using the worksheets. These human instruments expectedly would provide a high validity of the data due to
their advance knowledge of translation principles of equivalence and acceptability.
2. Documents
Documents were the data source in this study. According to Merriam 2009, documents are ready-made sources that easily accessible to the
investigator. Documents, however, are usually produced for the other reasons than the research and therefore are not the subject to the same limitations.
The document of this study was the transcript of the translation subtitles within the advertisements of Intel. It was in the form of transcript from the
subtitles which obtained from the Internet. There were four video advertisements PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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