Unit 5: Mainframes
42
10. Mainframes technology has reached the end of the road. No further development is needed.
2. Read this summary of the text and fill in the gaps using the list of words below:
Computer networks link computers locally or by external communication lines and software 1…………..allowing data to be exchanged rapidly and reliably.The 2…… between local area
and wide area networks is, however, becoming unclear. Networks are being used to perform increasingly diverse tasks, such as carrying e-mail, providing access to public databases, and for
3……….. Networks also allow users in one locality to share resources.
Distributed systems use networked computers. PCs or 4……….provide the user 5………… Mainframes process 6……………
and return the results to the users. A user at his PC might make a query against a central database. The PC passes the query, written in a
special language, to the mainframe, which then 7………..the query, returning to the user only the data requested. This allows both the network and the individual PC to operate efficiently.
In the 1980s, at least 100.000 8…………were set up world-wide. As 9 ………orbit
satellites have allowed the price of long-distance telephone calls, data can be transmitted more cheaply. In addition, 10………..cable has been installed on a large scale, enabling vast amounts
of data to be transmitted at a very high speed using light signals. This will considerably reduce the price of network access, making global networks more and more a part of our professional and
personal lives. Networks should also improve our work 11………………..and technical abilities.
distinction fibre-optic protocols synchronous
distributed systems LANs queries workstations
environments parse screen handling
Đáp án 1.
a. Main idea
3. Mainframes are three types, and neither 1 nor 2 nor 4 express this idea.
b. Understanding the passage
1. F - A mainframe is a large computer system requiring a special room. 2.T
3. T 4. F - Both analog and digital computers are large computers.
5. T 6. F - The digital computer does its calculations one step at a time.
7. F - The analog computer continuously works out calculations. 8.T
9. T
Unit 5: Mainframes
43
10. F - There will be great developments in computer technology in the future. 2.
2.distinction 10. fibre-optic 5. protocols 9. synchronous
8.distributed systems 4. LANs 6.queries 1.workstations
11. environments 3. parse 7. handling
3. Ng ữ pháp:
Đ t o m t đo n văn g m m t s ý chính, b n c n sử d ng m t s các liên t : - Th nh t, th hai, th ba, v.v..
1, 2, 3, etc one, two, three, etc
firstly, secondly, thirdly in the firstsecondthird place
- Sau đó, ngoài ra
another, next, then furthermore, afterwards, moreover
- Cu i cùng lastly, finally
- B ắt đ u
to begin, start with, - K t thúc
and to conclude -
Đ u tiên và quan tr ng nh t first and foremost
first and most importantly - Cu i nh ng không kém ph n quan tr ng
above all last but not least
Bây gi ờ bạn hãy hoàn chỉnh đoạn văn sau bằng cách đi n vào khoảng tr ng v i những
t ừ, c m từ thích h p.
Computers can do wonders, but they can waste a lot of money unless careful consideration goes into buying them. Any businessman thinking of buying a computer system should
……………………… admit he knows very little about computers…………….., he must realize that the computer salesman doesnt know how his business works………. , that he should get
outside advice is a must, not necessarily from consultants but from other executives who have had recent experience in buying a computer system…….. he should try to see systems similar to ones
under consideration in operation. Because his operations will have differences that must be
Unit 5: Mainframes
44
accommodated, he should find out what would be involved in upgrading a system……….. important thing to know before buying a computer is the financial situation of the supplier
because computer companies come and go and not all are financially stable…….. ,
the prospective buyer should demand that every detail be covered in writing, including hardware and
software if they are supplied by different companies. 1beres nothing wrong with computers, its how and why they are used that can cause problems.
4 Nâng cao: Hierarchy charts
Just as we can refine a system into sub-systems, we can also refine a process into sub- processes, -also called modules. Each of these modules contains only one process.
We can illustrate the different levels of the process using a hierarchy chart. The major module is shown as the top level and it can be refined into lower level modules as more detail is
required. Control passes from the top level down to the next lower module or first refinement, then to the next lower module or second refinement, and so on. As well as containing only one
process, each module should contain a single entry and a single exit.
Bi u đồ phân cấp
Chúng ta phân tích h th ng thành nh ững h th ng nh , chúng ta cũng phân tích m t quá
trình x ử lý thành những quá trình xử lý nh hơn đ c g i là m t module. Mỗi m t module là m t
quá trình x ử lý. Chúng ta có th dùng b n đ phân c p đ bi u th các c p đ c a quá trình xử lý.
Module chính phía trên r i phân tích ra các module nh phía d i. Vi c phân tích t trên
xu ng d i
đ ơci coi là m t l n phân tích, c nhơ vậy cho t i các module ti p theo l n phân tích th hai và ti p túc nh v
ậy. m t quá trình xử lý mỗi module bao g m m t c ng vào và m t c ng ra.
III. H i tho ại:
Clerk: May I help you? Tôi có th giúp gì? Jim: Yes, I want to buy a new computer. Vâng, tôi mu n mua m t chi c máy tính m i.
Clerk: How much RAM do you need? How big a hard drive will you need? Anh c n RAM
bao nhiêu? c ng l n c ỡ nào?
Jim:Well, Windows 95 needs at least 32 MBs RAM, and Ill be using a lot of word
processors and game programs. , Windows 95 c n ít nh t RAM 32 MBs, và tôi dùng nhi u b x
ử lý văn b n và các ch ơng trình trò chơi.
Clerk: I recommend a Pentium 300 with an 8 GB hard drive.
Tôi khuyên anh nên dùng lo i Pentium 300 và m t c ng 8 GB.
