Techniques of Data Collection

F. Trustworthiness of the Data

The research was conducted by employing some instruments to get a deeper analysis. However, to get the credible and verified data he still employed triangulation. Denscombe 2007:296 states that verification in qualitative research is very important to get the true data from the object. He adds that to verify the data can be through validity, reliability, generalizability, and objectivity 2007: 296. Trustworthiness is also important in this research. Given 2008:895 states that trustworthiness provides the researcher of a qualitative research some parameters to differentiate this kind of research with a quantitative research. He adds that trustworthiness is a way in which qualitative research assures the transferability, credibility, dependability, and conformability are evident in the research. To gain the credibility of the data, the data were triangulated by using several theories and sources. The theories used in this research were Chaika and Wardhaugh‟s theories of address terms. The other sources were various books were related to the rules of addressing terms, such as Speaking Naturally. Moreover, the data findings of the research were triangulated by two linguistics students. Finally, the results of the triangulated data findings were discussed and consulted to the researcher‟s consultants.

CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS

A. Findings

This section consists of three parts of data findings. The first part is related to the types of address terms, the second is the functions of the address terms, and the third is the social factors that affect the participants in using certain types of address terms. Below, the findings are presented in the tables.

1. Types of Address Terms Appearing in the Speaking Materials of English

on Sky for Junior High School Class VII, VIII, and IX There are seven types of address terms following Chaika 1982 and Wardhaugh 2006. They are First Name FN, Title plus Last Name TLN, Title alone T, Last Name LN, Special Nickname SN, Pet Name PN, and Kinship Term KT. The findings of the types of address term performed by the participants in the dialogues are presented in Table 4. Table 4. Types of Address Terms Appearing in the Speaking Materials of English on Sky No Types of Address Terms Frequency Percentage

1. First Name FN

49 49

2. Title plus Last Name

TLN 21 21 3. Title T 25 25 4. Last Name LN - - 5. Special Nickname SN - - 6. Pet Name PN - - 7. Kinship Term KT 5 5 Total 100 100