Techniques of Data Analysis

CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS

A. Findings

This section consists of three parts of data findings. The first part is related to the types of address terms, the second is the functions of the address terms, and the third is the social factors that affect the participants in using certain types of address terms. Below, the findings are presented in the tables.

1. Types of Address Terms Appearing in the Speaking Materials of English

on Sky for Junior High School Class VII, VIII, and IX There are seven types of address terms following Chaika 1982 and Wardhaugh 2006. They are First Name FN, Title plus Last Name TLN, Title alone T, Last Name LN, Special Nickname SN, Pet Name PN, and Kinship Term KT. The findings of the types of address term performed by the participants in the dialogues are presented in Table 4. Table 4. Types of Address Terms Appearing in the Speaking Materials of English on Sky No Types of Address Terms Frequency Percentage

1. First Name FN

49 49

2. Title plus Last Name

TLN 21 21 3. Title T 25 25 4. Last Name LN - - 5. Special Nickname SN - - 6. Pet Name PN - - 7. Kinship Term KT 5 5 Total 100 100 Based on the table, frequency of the concurrences is not the same from one type of address term to another. The participants in the dialogues do not perform all the types of address terms. The frequent occurrence of address term type is FN, since it is one of the ways to reach intimacy among the students as well as indicating power difference between teacher and student. FN also appears when the setting of the conversation is out of the school where students are interacting with each other as friends. The second frequent phenomenon is T, and then followed by TLN, since the school is a place that uses formal language as well as the place where politeness is highly upheld, and the last is KT as several conversations take place in a family‟s house, so the interactions among the family members by using KT are performed. Meanwhile, LN, SN and PN are the types that are never used by the participants in the dialogues. The highest rank of types of address terms shows that this type is the most often performed by the participants of the dialogues. In contrast, the lowest rank indicates that the characters never use such types of address terms. 2. The Functions of Address Terms Appearing in the Speaking Materials of English on Sky for Junior High School Class VII, VIII, and IX There are three functions of address terms. They are to show intimacy, power difference, and respect. The participants in the dialogues employ all the functions of the addressing terms. Furthermore, the findings of the functions of address term that performed by the participants of the dialogues are presented in Table 5.