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Cause, it tells why. It is divided into three elements, namely reason, tells what causes the Process and is probed by why or how. Purpose, tells the purpose and is probed by what for
and behalf, tells for whose sake and is probed by for whom. Further, Accompaniment tells with out who or what and is probed by who or what else. Matter tells about what or with
reference to what and is probed by what about and the last is Role. It tells what as and is probed by as what.
These are illustrated in the following made-up text: Last Saturday night circ: time the local council held a fancy dress ball for charity
circ: cause in the Town Hall circ: place. The Lord Mayor, who came with his current lady circ: accompaniment, was dressed as Old King Cole circ: manner, and then made a
politically correct speech about the homeless circ: matter Next, Processes are central to transitivity. The process suggest many different kind of
what is going on which necessarily involved the different type of participants and circumstances are incumbent upon the doing, happening, feeling, and being. Processes are
realized by verbs. Traditionally verbs have been defined as ‗doing words‘ but, some verbs are not doing words at all, but rather than express states of being or having.
2.5 Relevant Studies
Ade Rahmadiana 2011 in her thesis “An Analysis of Transitivity Process of
Inauguration Speeches of Two Prime Ministers of Australia John Howard And Julia Gillard”. She analyzed the transitivity process of inauguration speeches of two prime
ministers of Australia. She found that Relational Process is the most dominant 42,1, followed by Material Process 36,9, Mental Process 13,8, Verbal process 9,6,
Behavioral Process 2,7, and Existential Process 1,7. Further, she said that Relational
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Process become the most dominant due to the relationship of carrier and attributive participants that found through some verbs in the Inauguration Speech of Prime Ministers Of
Autralia, Julia Gillard and John Howard. While the Material processes are predominant due to action verbs found in some verbs in those texts of inauguration speeches.
Amy C. Neale 2002 in her thesis ―More Delicate Transitivity: Extending the process type system networks for English to include full semantic classifications. She
analyzed the transitivity, extending the process type system networks for English full semantic classifications, she said that her research has three main aims, they are to make it
possible to generate a very wide range of types of Process for a large computational grammar. This is achieved by greatly extending the system networks for process type in English. These
allow us to model the paradigmatic relations between verb senses, to contribute to the theory of language known as Systemic Functional Linguistics. The notions of ‗Process‘, ‗system
network‘ and ‗delicacy‘ adopted in this thesis are Systemic Functional concepts. This research builds on these ideas to extend the semantic classification of verb senses in such a
way as to greatly extend the system network for transitivity, and at last, to base the system networks on data obtained from large corpora. For this purpose a new methodology has been
developed which makes ‗second level‘ use of corpora. This allows the researcher to store and access detailed information about large quantities of data.
Frismatila danis 2009 in her thesis ―Transitivity Process and The Structure of
Narrative Genre i n Selected Indonesian Folk Tales”. She analyzed the Transitivity Process
and the structure of narrative genre in selected Indonesian folk tales. The folk tales come from the different places in Indonesia. She found that the most dominant type of transitivity is
Material Process 57, 97 and there are complete element of narrative genre in some folk tales except Timun Mas Central Java and The Anoa and The Girl Sulawesi.
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Indah Fahreni 1999, in her thesis, ―An Analysis of Transitivity Clause Types in the Headlines of ―The Jakarta Post‖ A Systemic Functional Approach‖. Fahreni‘s carried out a
research investigating the headlines‘ clauses of The Jakarta Post edited on April 2003 to find the 6 types of process as the clause representation which includes material process,
relational process, mental process, verbal process, behavioral process, and existential process. Indra 2005 in his thesis
“An Analysis of Narrative Structure and Transitivity Process of Some Short Stories in Anida, A moslem Magazine”. In his thesis, he analyzes the
narrative structure and transitivity process of some short stories in Anida Magazine. He found some short stories with the different writer and different in using the components of narrative
structure. He finds that not all the narrative structure and transitivity process is found in some short stories in Anida Magazine.
The five studies have a big contribution in this thesis. Ade Rahmadian a‘s, Ame C.
Neale‘s, Frismatiladanis‘, Indah Fahreni‘s and Indra‘s thesis help the writer to see the transitivity process in two short stories and its relation to the topic of the story. In this thesis,
the writer analyzed the transitivity process on two short stories with different author and topic. Then the writer analyzed the relation between the topics of the short stories and the
transitivity system. Because of that, the five studies are very appropriate to be the relevant studies of this thesis.
Fri smatiladani‘s and Ade Rahmadiana‘s thesis helps the writer to find out the other
kinds of subject matter in analyzing the transitivity process beside folktales and speech. In this thesis, the writer analyzes the transitivity system on short story. While, A
mi‘s thesis helps the writer in doing the method of research. This allows the researcher to store and
access detailed information about large quantities of data. Although the five relevant studies above are equally discusses the process of transitivity, but the object of this study is different
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both in terms of titles and topics. This thesis also look for the similarities and differences of elements in six types of process.
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CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH
3.1 Research Method
Method is needed in this analysis in order to get the research qualified. In this thesis, the writer applies qualitative research method. Qualitative research is a research which is
faced with qualitative data, usually in the form of words rather than numbers. The data are a source of well grounded text, rich description and explanation Miles and Huberman, 1994:1
3.2 Data and Data Source
The data of this research are simple clauses found in two short stories in Chinese Pen book as the source of data. The first short story is Earth God Shrine written by Chuang Hua-
t‘ang and the second one is A Chip off the Old Block written by Cheng Ming Li. This book consists of 77 pages and 4 short stories written by the different author. But, in this research,
the writer only chose two short stories. This book was published in 1992 by international pen publisher, Taiwan.
3.3 Data Collecting Method
Arikunto 1998:18 states that there are six types of methods in collecting data, i.e. test, questionnaire, observation, interview, upgraded scale, and documentation method. Based
on this statement, the writer chooses one of the data collecting methods to be applied in this thesis that is documentation method, in which the writer collects the data based on document.
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