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CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH
3.1 Research Method
Method is needed in this analysis in order to get the research qualified. In this thesis, the writer applies qualitative research method. Qualitative research is a research which is
faced with qualitative data, usually in the form of words rather than numbers. The data are a source of well grounded text, rich description and explanation Miles and Huberman, 1994:1
3.2 Data and Data Source
The data of this research are simple clauses found in two short stories in Chinese Pen book as the source of data. The first short story is Earth God Shrine written by Chuang Hua-
t‘ang and the second one is A Chip off the Old Block written by Cheng Ming Li. This book consists of 77 pages and 4 short stories written by the different author. But, in this research,
the writer only chose two short stories. This book was published in 1992 by international pen publisher, Taiwan.
3.3 Data Collecting Method
Arikunto 1998:18 states that there are six types of methods in collecting data, i.e. test, questionnaire, observation, interview, upgraded scale, and documentation method. Based
on this statement, the writer chooses one of the data collecting methods to be applied in this thesis that is documentation method, in which the writer collects the data based on document.
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In addition, to support the perfection of this thesis, the writer uses internet, other thesis and some books which are relevant to the topics discussed.
3.4 Data Analysis Method
In analyzing the data, the writer uses content analysis method. Leedy and Ormrod 2001:155 define this method as a detailed and systematic examination of the contents of a
particular body of materials for the purpose of identifying patterns, themes, or biases. Content analysis review forms of human communication including books, newspapers, and films as
well as other forms in order to identify patterns, themes, or biases. The method is designed to identify specific characteristics from the content in the human communications.
The procedural process for the content analysis study is designed to achieve the highest objective analysis possible and involves identifying the body of material to be studied
and defining the characteristics or qualities to be examined Leedy Ormrod, 2001:156. First, the researcher must analyze the materials and put them in a frequency table as each
characteristic or quality is mentioned. Second, the researcher must conduct a statistical analysis so that the results are reported in a quantitative format.
The systematic procedures in conducting the analysis are as follow: 1. Reading the two short stories
2. Dividing the data into simple clauses 3. Identifying the data
4. Identifying the elements of transitivity process in the data
5. Tabulating the data 6. Recapitulating the most dominant of the process types
7. Taking the conclusion of all
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For example: When Dad was ready to start a family, the government was encouraging people to
have large families in order to help develop our country. The text can be divided into five simple clauses, as the following:
1. When Dad was ready when
Dad was
ready Carrier
Relational Process Attributive
2. to start a family
3. The government was encouraging people The government
was encouraging people
Actor Material Process
Goal 4. to have large families
to have large families
Relational Process Attributive
5. in order to better help develop our country In order to better
help develop our country
Circ: Purpose Material Process
Goal
The data display of this analysis is in table. In chapter IV analysis, the writer chose some clauses only from each text which are considered important to be explained more
deeply to be the sample of each process in transitivity system. to start
a family Material Process
Goal
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CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
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