48 The accumulation scores of all items evaluated in the evaluation
questionnaire indicated whether the materials were good and acceptable or not. The term good and acceptable were given to the designed materials with at least
three degree of agreement for each assessed item. On the other hand, if the average point of the degrees of agreement for each assessed item was less than
three, it meant that the materials needed a lot of revisions.
F. Research Procedures
The procedures of this research were obtaining the letter of permission to carry out the research, research and information collecting, planning, developing
preliminary form of product, preliminary field testing, revising the main product, and writing the report. Each of them was clarified below.
1. Obtaining the Letter of Permission The researcher obtained the letter of permission from ELESP of Sanata
Dharma University. This letter of permission was obtained from the secretariat and signed by the chairperson of the English Language Education Study Program.
This letter of permission became the access of doing this research. For certain period, this letter of permission gave permission for the researcher to conduct this
research in SD Negeri Turi 1 Sleman. 2. Research and Information Collecting
In this step, the researcher conducted needs analysis. By conducting needs analysis, the researcher obtained the basic data and information to conduct this
research. In this step, the researcher gathered information by conducting class
49 observation and interviews to the respondents. The class observation focused on
the teacher’s activity and students’ activity during the English lesson in class, and the interviews were conducted toward the English teacher and some of fourth
graders of SD Negeri Turi 1 Sleman. 3. Planning
The researcher planned to design the materials by firstly doing some preparation. Those preparation were formulating goals, listing topics and stating
general purposes, and formulating learning objectives. Deciding the two of them, the researcher had clear scope of what to design and develop to make the speaking
instructional materials using games for fourth graders of SD Negeri Turi 1 Sleman.
4. Developing Preliminary Form of Product The researcher, in this step, did two things. They were listing subject
content and selecting teaching and learning activities and resources. Having such guideline, the researcher had an easy of developing materials as the product of this
research. The materials which were suited with students’ needs were arranged from the available resources. Therefore, the results of the needs analysis were
used as the consideration in developing the instructional materials. 5. Preliminary Field Testing
The product, the speaking instructional materials using games for fourth graders of SD Negeri Turi 1 Sleman, must be evaluated by the experts of
designing material. Therefore, the materials were distributed toward two English teachers of SD Negeri Turi 1 Sleman and an ELESP lecturer of Sanata Dharma
