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Supporting Industry
Related Industry
Core Cluster Tapioca Industry
Cassava Producer
Carpenter Blacksmith
Local Manufacturer
Cassava Producer
Cassava Producer
E. Cluster and Linkage
According to Nagae 2004, cluster approach has been applying for development of IKM. Ministry of trade and industry released “National Industry
Development Strategy” in November 2000 in which a cluster policy was identified as a prime mover for industry development. It is also included into the
rolling plan of IKM development 2002-2004. It is noted that a cluster industry is a value added chain group of industry consisting of “core cluster industry”, “group
of supporting industry”, and “group of related industry” aiming at competitiveness increase in the market, and also cost reduction of processing, shipping,
transportation, and marketing in cluster industry. Cluster industry in Indonesia can be divided into five categories in
accordance with OECD clarification. 1. Natural resource intensive cluster
2. Labor intensive cluster 3. Capital intensive cluster
4. Technology intensive cluster 5. Policy driven cluster
Figure 2 Schematics of core cluster Agroindustry is belonging to the category of natural resource intensive
cluster, of course, such as food industry, vegeTable oil industry, canning industry and etc. At year of 2004, 23 core cluster industries are reported to have
established. In case of agroindustry, only beverage industry soft drink industry was identified as core cluster industry Nagae, 2004.
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---- Linkage ----
Core Cluster
Provincial Authorities
Technical Team
Asnawi 2002 reported that ITTARA Industri Tepung Tapioka Rekyat was successfully implemented by the provincial government of Lampung since
1998. The government had paid attention to the cassava farmer who are very poor, and provided a special program to support them in term of tapioca home industry
in cluster form named by ITTARA. This is an umbrella program led by the government and the advisory technical group, and KUD people concerned. The
objectives of ITTARA are; 1. increase value added in raw material for cassava farmer
2. improve technology for cassava cultivation and tapioca treatment 3. develop plan and activity by themselves in village scale
4. open crude tapioca factory to cassava farmer for their treatment
Figure 3 Schematics of core cluster and linkage From view point s of cluster and ABG linkage, this ITTARA umbrella
program is seemed to be very appreciated as a good example to think of both cluster and linkage in grass-root basis development. Upon literature review
including ITTARA, some of hypothesis could be generated as follows. 1. A cluster is formed with an input sector supplying raw material, a
processing sector, and a market sector to encourage their power and performance better.
2. In the sector of agroindustry, though the government support is in short, but available technical support is better to be extended to a core cluster for
future.
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Medium Industry Tapioca
Home Industry Crude Tapioca
Farmer Cassava
Farmer Cassava
Farmer Cassava
Home Industry Crude Tapioca
Farmer Cassava
Farmer Cassava
Farmer Cassava
--- CoreCluster --- --- CoreCluster ---
--- Primary Cluster --- --- Primary Cluster ---
--- Secondary Cluster ---
3. Therefore, a tripartite linkage together with cluster principle is likely proposed in this paper to succeed such agroindustry in rural development
program for future. 4. Toward this kind of formation of value added chain development, a
technical support must be extended by academic institution or a supporting group, and a research development will be also implemented to improve
the current processing techniques.
Figure 4 Schematic view of primary cluster and secondary cluster 5. Academic institution and UMKM linkage: This is just a proposal of linkage
between academic institution and UMKM in agroindustry aiming at a site based research to fit the real needs and requirements, and also aiming at
UMKM empowerment in term of quality assurance. 6. Regarding rural and regional development, many policies and action plans
have been presented by the ministries concerned, but UMKM is still left behind their status and also remained as poor as it is. This is also another
proposal to formulate some sort of “Field Laboratory” under the linkage concept.
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University St. + Adv.
UMKM Cluster Target
Field Laboratory
Problems Issues
Research Subjects Topics
S1 Research S2 Research
S3 Research
Improvement Works
Process Improvement Quality Improvement
Marketing Improvement
Cluster Development
Inputs Outputs in Kinds
New Problems Issues New Requirement
Improvement Needs Empowerment Needs
Feedback Operation
SWOT Work
Core Basement
Figure 5 Schematic view of field laboratory with cluster
F. Quality Standard
