The Communication Process Directed Toward The Attainment of a Specified Goal or Goals

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B. Theoretical Framework

In order to answer the problem formulation that is stated in Chapter One, the writer uses some theories to analyze it. Since the problem formulation is going to analyze the description of Richard Winters’ character and the meanings of Richard Winters’ action, the writer uses psychological approach proposed by Freud 1923, Hjelle 1981, Worchel Shebilske 1989, Jung 1948, Henkle 1977, Rohrberger Woods 1971 to analyze it. For deeper analysis, the writer uses the theory of character and characterization by Abram 1985, Murphy 1972 and Henkle 1977 to analyze the description of Richard Winters’ character. Those theories provide suitable definition to analyze the character of Richard Winters. The second problem formulation deals with the meanings of Richard Winters’ action during his military service in World War II. The writer employs the theories of leadership, motivation and conflict. Those theories use to find the meanings of Winters’ action. The leadership theory is dealing with how the character handles and leads his platoon, even further a whole battalion. The writer employs the theory of leadership proposed by Tannebaum, Weschler Mussarick 1961. All of the leadership components above is used to analyze the character. The writer uses motivation theory to analyze why Richard Winters had a motivation to do an action combating during the World War II. In this study, the writer uses intrinsic motivation to analyze the character. The motivation theory is important because it gives the explanation about Winters’ reason to join the army 18 and how Winters spent his time in army. This theory is proposed by Beck 1978, Huffman, Vernoy Vernoy 2000 and Jung 1978. The last theory in this study is the theory of conflict that is proposed by Hocker Wilmot, Isenhart Spangle 2000, Beck 1978 and Miller 1959. This study uses the theory of conflict because there is always a conflict when Richard Winters does an action combating in the war. It could be a conflict with him or other persons. In this study, the writer uses the approach-avoidance conflict theory to analyze the conflict among the characters. The theories above are appropriate to analyze the meanings of Winters’ action.