“Yukiko was in Tokyo until the end of March. She could have stayed on until her wedding day, but she wanted a leisurely farewell to Sachiko and
the Ashiya family. She slipped away toward the end of the month, bringing word from Kunishima that wedding had been set for April 29, the
Emperor’s birthday; that it would be in the Imperial Hotel; and that Viscount Mimaki, too old to make the trip, would probably be represented
by his heir and the latter’s wife” 524-525. According to John Jung, intrinsic reward in achievement motivation is the
pride of accomplishment. The successful of achievements are also followed by extrinsic rewards such as social approval or material rewards 136. Yukiko’s
family’s gets social approval when they succeed to reach their goal. We know it through the author’s direct comment, “But Tsuruko had seemed thoroughly
delighted at the news-so Yukiko was finally to be married, and to a member of such a fine family-the Makiokas were rising in the world-no one could look down
on Tatsuo now-and all because of Teinosuke” 514. Therefore, the achievement motivation of Yukiko’s family is to maintain
the Makioka’s status and reputation. According to Atkinson and Birch, people who have the highest need of achievement are people who have a high hope for
success and a low fear of failure 406-407. Yukiko’s family is people who have the highest need of achievement. It is because they have a high hope for success to
maintain the Makioka’s status and reputation. Yukiko’s family gets social approval when they succeed to reach their goal.
4.2.4. Approach Motivation
According to Higgins, in approach behavior, people do things because of something they want, desire, or need 3. The things are often conceptualized in
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terms of specific goals. The goal of Yukiko’s family is to find a husband for Yukiko. They do it because there is something they desire. Their desire is Yukiko
gets married to a man soon. It is because Yukiko is in the marriageable age and the most girls have got married in this age. It is shown by the author’s direct
comment: “She had been asked by Tsuruko that September night in Tokyo Station to
find a husband for Yukiko, she had hoped she might have a candidate before the end of the year, this year being an unlucky one for Yukiko; and
she had then hoped to find someone before the day early in February in the horoscope year would begin” 279.
Zuckerman in Franken’s says “extraverts positive emotionally and sensation seekers spend more time in approach behaviors. They see the world as a
source of opportunities and excitement” 4. Yukiko’s family is extraverts. Even though finding a man who fulfills the criteria of Yukiko’s family is difficult,
Yukiko’s family never gives up finding a prospective husband for Yukiko. Yukiko’s family wills to go far away to find a prospective husband for Yukiko
because they don’t want to pass this opportunity. It happens when Yukiko’s family is invited by Mrs. Sugano Tatsuo’s oldest sister in her house in Nagoya.
She gives a new proposal for Yukiko. Yukiko’s family wills go to Nagoya to discuss about Yukiko’s miai arranging marriage. It is shown by the author’s
direct comment: “The new proposal, as Sachiko read of it in her sister’s letter, did not seem
very promising. It was not the sort one would leap at: Tatsuo’s oldest sister had married into the Sugano family, large landowners at Ogaki, near
Nagoya; the Suganos were friendly with the Sawazakis, a well-known Nagoya family, the previous head of which had occupied one of the seats
in the House of Peers reserved for leading taxpayers; and the present head of the family, through the good offices of Tatsuo’s sister, would like to
meet Yukiko” 327.
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Therefore, Yukiko’s family approach motivation in finding a husband for Yukiko is because they expect Yukiko to get married soon. Yukiko’s family is
optimistic that they can find a husband for Yukiko even though they have to go far away from Osaka to search their opportunities in finding a husband for
Yukiko.
4.2.5 Avoidant Motivation
