extended family their status was very low until the mother-in-law passed away. Today, young women can count on more equal treatment” 6.
Nowadays, Japanese modern system of marriages has adjusted to pressure from the Western custom of love marriages. In the past, Japanese marriages were
arranged by their parents. From the mid-1960s, love matches replaced arranged marriages as a social norm, and dating became new fashion among young men
and women to look for a compatible partner. The majority of marriages today are love marriages “Marriage and the Family in Japan: History of Marriage and
Arranged Marriages in Japan”, 6-7. Therefore miai arranged marriage seems to be falling rapidly out of use.
2.2 Theoretical Framework
In this part, I explain the theories that are used to answer the problems of this study. It is important for me because it can be the guidance to analyze the
novel. The theories involve theory of critical approaches, theory of character, theory of characterization, theory of psychology, theory of motivation, and
reviews on literature marriage motivation in Japan. First, I use theory of critical approaches to select the suitable approach to
analyze the novel. I choose psychological approach because this study focuses on the psychological aspects of the character. Second, I use the theory of character
and theory of characterization to analyze Yukiko Makioka’s character. Third, I use the theory of motivation. The theory of motivations is used to find out the
motivations of Yukiko Makioka’s family in finding a husband for Yukiko. I
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describe the definition of motivation to explain motivation to ease the discussion. Then I describe five kinds of motivation. They are intrinsic, extrinsic,
achievement, approach, and avoidant motivation. The next is human motive. In human motives, I only describe the definition of achievement motivation.
Reviews on literature marriage motivation in Japan are also used to help me to analyze Yukiko’s family motivation in finding a husband for Yukiko. By using
those theories, I am able to answer the problems of the study.
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CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY
This chapter discusses the methodology used in this study. In this chapter is divided into three parts, namely subject matter, approach of the study, and
method of the study. The first part is subject matter. I explain the focus of the study in this part. The second part discusses the approach that is used to analyze
this novel. The last part is method of the study. This part discusses method of gathering data, primary and secondary data, and procedure.
3.1 Subject Matter
The subject of the study in this thesis is The Makioka Sisters. This is a
Japan’s greatest post-war novel written by Junichiro Tanizaki. It was firstly
published in 1947 in Japan with the title Sasame Yuki, Light Snow. This study uses the English translation The Makioka Sisters, which was published in 1957
by Edward G. Seidensticker. The novel contains 37 chapters and 530 pages long. This novel tells about a declining glory of a great Osaka merchant family
on the eve of war. The family’s name is Makioka. There are four sisters Makioka. This study analyzes one of the four sisters. Her name is Yukiko Makioka, the third
daughter. She is 30 years old and still unmarried. The story starts from the attempts of finding a husband for Yukiko Makioka. Her sisters and brothers-in-
law always try to find a good husband for her. They get many proposals from men who want to get married to Yukiko Makioka but they cannot accept those
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