Critical Approach Review of Related Theories

13 understand the story better Rorhberger and Woods 8. The third is the socio cultural historical approach, which investigates place, or society that is reflected in the literary work Rorhberger and Woods 9. The fourth is the mythopoeic approach, which emphasizes the universal patterns of human behavior and thought underlying work Rorhberger and Woods 11. The last is the psychological approach, which reflects life and representation of human motivation and behavior. This approach involves the effort to locate and demonstrates certain recurrent patterns, and brings us to analyze the novel from human being’s psychological point of view. Psychological approach analyzes a novel based on a theory of psychology. This analysis describes the character not only the appearance but deeper in the personality psychologically Rorhberger and Woods 13. This study concerns human motivation and behavior. Therefore, psychological approach is applied since it helps the writer analyze the character in the novel deeper through psychological point of view.

4. Conflicts

Since each person is different from another, conflicts always exist in human life. Each person in this world has a different way of thinking in facing a problem. Hence, in a relationship with others, a person might have some differences which can lead him to a certain conflict. In a story, conflicts usually appear when there is a problem and the main character or the characters decide what to do about them. Redman in A Second Book of Plays defines a conflict as a struggle between two opposing forces, ideas or PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 14 believes, which is the basis of plot. There are two kinds of conflict, external and internal conflict. External conflict refers to a struggle between the protagonist and an outside force, while internal conflict refers to struggle within the heart and mind of the protagonist Redman 363. Redman suggests that we have to analyze the character’s attitude toward the problem and the situation in the story so that the conflict between the characters will be clearly identified Redman viii. The problem in the story is often followed by some actions of the characters. The characters’ reaction toward the problem will indicate that conflicts are happening. Conflicts are