There is a material design model proposed by Hutchison and Waters 1987: 108 which consists of four elements namely input, content focus,
language focus, and task. The aim of the model is to provide a coherent framework for the integration of the various aspects of learning, for creativity
and variety to succeed learning. The input can be in the form of a text, dialogue or any piece for
information data. The content focus does not only consist of linguistics feature but it should also present non-linguistics content as a means of
conveying information. The language focus is aimed to enable learners to use the language and to take language into pieces. Task becomes the primary
focus of the unit in which the learners use the content and language knowledge to do the task.
Those four elements are combined into a model as follows:
Figure 2.3 A Material Design Model by Hutchison and Waters 1987: 109
e. English for the tourist guide at Agrowisata Turi
After discussing ESP program, the discussion of English for guide is important to be presented here. English for guide at Agrowisata Turi is an
English program, which is held for guide. The objective of this program is to improve the ability of security staff in communicating with the foreigners.
INPUT
LANGUAGE CONTENT
TASK
The materials are relevant with their needs and interests and focused on the needs of area of the study that is English for tourism. For the design
materials, the topics are interesting and appropriate with their job description. The activities in this program fit to real activities on the field. The learners
are asked to practice their English in this situation that is designed similar to the real situation.
3. Communicative Language Teaching
Since the emphasis of this study is on speaking skill, the writer uses Communicative Language Teaching CLT in designing the instructional
materials for the guide at Agrowisata Turi. Communicative Language Teaching is one of the language teaching approaches that can be used in English Language
Teaching. Activities that involve real communication have a great deal of opportunity to teach speaking skill.
a. The objective of Communicative Language Teaching
The objective of Communication Language Teaching is to teach learners to develop the actual strategies for relating the structures in the
grammar of a language to their communicative functions in real-world situations Nunan, 1989: 67
b. The Characteristics of Communicative Language Teaching
There are some characteristics of communicative Language Teaching. They are as follows:
According to Diane Larsen-Freeman 2000: 129, the most obvious characteristic of Communicative Language Teaching is that almost
