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f. Multiple slot substitution drill
This drill is similar to the singe slot substitution drill. The difference is that the teacher gives one phrase, one at a time, that fit into different slots in the dialog
line. The students must recognize what part of speech each cue is, or at least, where it fits into the sentence, and make any other changes, such as subject verb agreement.
They then say the line, fitting the cue phrase into the line where it belongs.
g. Transformation drill
The teacher gives students a certain kind of sentence pattern, an affirmative sentence.
h. Question and answer drill
This drill gives students practice with answering questions. The students should answer the teacher‟s question very quickly.
i. Use of minimal pairs
The teacher works with pairs of words which differ in only one sound; for example, „shipsheep‟. Students are first asked to perceive the difference between the
wtwo word and later to be able to say the two words.
j. Complete the dialog
Selected words are erased from a dialog students have learned. Students complete the dialog by filling the blanks with the missing words.
k. Grammar game
The games are designed to get students to practice a grammar point within a context. Students are able to express hemselves, althought it is rather limited in this
game. Notice there is also a lot of repetition in this game.
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2.4.4Communicative Approach
This method involves in real communication. The characteristics of these methods are:
a. Teacher is facilitator of the students in learning English.
b. The target language is a vehicle for classroom communication.
c. The goal is to enable students become communicatively competent.
d. Language is for communication.
e. Emphasizing in language function.
f. Students should be given an opportunity to express their ideasand opinions.
g. The students‟ native language has no particular role.
h. The teacher evaluates students‟ accuracy and fluency.
The techniques in Communicative Approach are:
a. Authentic material
The use of language materials authentic to native speakes of the target because the typical problem that students cannot transfer what they learn in the
classroom to the outside world and to expose students to natural language in variety of situations.
b. Scrambled sentences
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