cooperative learning could promote students to work together in groups and enhance students’ performance. Second, it would be more effective
and efficient when students worked and discussed the given task instead of working individually. Third, cooperative learning would boost students’
motivation and self-esteem. Students would not be worried about making mistakes but they are encouraged to share opinions with their groups.
Furthermore, cooperative learning allowed using various teaching media that could be used during implementing the strategies so that the activities
would not be monotonous.
D. Formulation of the Problem
This research study was aimed to answer “how can cooperative learning improve writing ability of XI IPS 1 students of SMAN 1 Seyegan
in the academic year of 20132014?”
E. Objective of the Study
The objective of this study was to improve students’ writing ability of XI IPS 1 students of SMAN 1 Seyegan in the academic year of
20132014 through cooperative learning.
F. Significance of the Study
In the end of this study, the researcher hopes that this study will give a significant contribution for English teacher, students, or the readers in the
English teaching and learning process. 1.
For the students, it would be an effort to improve their writing skills and also their learning motivation. The application of cooperative
learning is expected to be one of the ways for the students to develop their ability by learning together within groups before they are
engaged in individual test. 2.
For English teachers, it would be a broad opportunity to improve the quality of English teaching and learning process. The implementation
of cooperative is expected to be continuously performed to create fun and enjoyable atmosphere in the teaching and learning process and
motivate the students to improve their performance. 3.
For English Department of State University of Yogyakarta, it can be used as a research reference for other researchers who have similar
topic and purpose.
8
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
This chapter covers some theories of the basis of the discussions. It is aimed at gaining more understanding about the topic of the research study. The
discussions in this chapter are some relevant theories of the study, conceptual framework focusing on the problems and solutions to improve the students’
writing ability through cooperative learning.
A. Literature Review
1. The Nature of Writing
a. The Definition of Writing
Writing is one of the productive skills in which it involves communicating a message by making signs on a page. Writing conveys the
message that the writer wants to say to the readers. It involves several subskills such as accuracy and the content. Spatt, M, et all, 2005; Grabe
W and Kaplan, R.B, 1996. There are things in common in all written text types. They are
written to communicate a particular message and to communicate to somebody. The message and the reader of the writing influence what is
going to be written and how it is written. Spatt, M et, all : 2005 Fifty years ago, writing was taught via technical aspects of proper
grammar, spelling, punctuation which are related to accuracy. Hillocks 1986 in Kamemeha schools 2007 found that this way failed to engage
