instead of using 2nd form or past simple verb. For example : Did I kill a snake?
Did he eat a mango? Did they go to cinema?
Did she write a letter to him? Did I make a table?
Did you answer correctly?
A. Past Continuous Tense
It is used to express a continued or ongoing action in past, an ongoing action which occurred in past and completed at some point in past. It expresses an ongoing nature of an
action in past. :
Positive sentences
• Subject + auxiliary verb + Main Verb present participle + object • Subject + waswere + 1st form of verb or base verb +ing +object
If the subject is “he, she, It, I, singular or proper noun” then auxiliary verb “was” is used. If subject is “you, we, they or plural” then auxiliary verb “were” is used. For examples :
She was crying yesterday. They were climbing on a hill.
He was taking exam last month You waiting for him yesterday
She was working in a factory. It was raining yesterday
Negative sentences
• Subject + auxiliary verb + NOT + Main verb present participle + object • Subject + waswere + NOT + 1st form of verb or base verb +ing +object
Rules for using auxiliary verb after subject are same as mentioned above. For examples: She was not crying yesterday.
They were not climbing on a hill He was not taking exam last month
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You were not waiting for him yesterday She was not working in a factory.
It was not raining yesterday.
Interrogative sentences
• Auxiliary verb + Subject + Main verb present participle + object • Waswere + Subject + 1st form of verb or base verb +ing +object
The interrogative sentence starts with the auxiliary verb. If the subject is “he, she, It, I, singular or proper noun” then the sentence starts with auxiliary verb “was”. If subject is
“you, we, they or plural” then the sentence starts with auxiliary verb “were”. For examples :
Was she crying yesterday? Were they climbing on a hill?
Was he taking exam last month? Were you waiting for him yesterday?
Was she working in a factory? Was it raining yesterday?
B. Past perfect tense
It is used to express an action which has occurred in past usually, a long time ago and action which has occurred in past before another action in past.
Positive sentence
• Subject + auxiliary verb + main verb past participle + object
• Subject + had + 3rd form of verb or past participle + object
for examples : He had taken the exam last year
A thief had stolen my watch He had slept.
I had finished my work last year. It had rained heavily last month.
The film had started before we reached cinema.
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Negative sentence
• Subject + auxiliary verb + NOT + main verb past participle + object •Subject + had + not + 3rd form of verb or past participle + object
“Not” is written after auxiliary verb in negative sentence. For examples : He had not taken the exam last year
A thief had not stolen my watch.
Interrogative sentence
• Auxiliary verb + subject + main verb past participle + object • Had + subject + 3rd form of verb or past participle + object
Interrogative sentence starts with auxiliary verb “had” for examples : Had he taken the exam last year
Had a thief stolen my watch? Had he slept?
Had I finished my work last year? Had it rained heavily last month?
Had the film started before we reached cinema C.
Past Perfect continuous tense
It is used to express a continued or ongoing action that started in past and continued until sometime in past.
Positive Sentence.
• Subject + Auxiliary verb + main verb Present participle + Object + Time reference • Subject + had been + 1st form of verb or base verb + ing + object + time reference
for examples : I had been waiting for him for one hour.
She had been playing chess since 7 O’clock. He had been playing cricket for two hours.
They had been watching television since 6 O’clock. She had been working in this office since 2007.
It had been raining for three days.
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Negative Sentence.
• Subject +”Not” between the Auxiliary verbs + main verb present participle + Object + Time reference
• Subject + had not been + 1st form of verb or base verb + ing + object + time reference
To make negative sentence, the word “not” is added inside auxiliary verb, so it becomes “had not been”. For examples :
I had not been waiting for him for one hour She had not been playing chess since 7 o, clock
He had not been playing cricket for two hours They had not been watching television since 2007
She had not been working in this office since 2009 It had not been raining for three days
Interrogative Sentence.
• Auxiliary verb+ Subject + Auxiliary verb + main verb present participle + object + time reference
• Had + Subject + been + 1st form of verb or base verb+ing + object + time reference Interrogative sentence starts with auxiliary verb “had” and auxiliary verb “been” is used after
subject in sentence. For examples : Had I been waiting for him for one hour?
Had she been playing chess 7 O’clock ? Had he been playing cricket for two hours.
Had they been watching television since 6 O’clock? Had she been working in this office since 2007?
Had it been raining for three days
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4.1.4 Fi’il Madhi
