SM-3T Program Definition of Terms

11 characteristics. Then, for having characteristics as a certain identity, some changes will happen in one’s life. It is because “identity is not something one has, but something that develops during one’s whole life” Beijaard, Meijer, and Verloop, 2004, p. 107. Therefore, identity is a ‘label’ for someone with certain recognition which develops in a certain process of interpreting self as Gee 2000 mentions about identity. There are four ways to view identity which contributes to form certain kind of person. Those ways can determine certain identity like teachers professional identity as well. Table 2.1 Four Ways to View Identity Category Process Power Source of Power 1. Nature-identity: a state developed from forces in nature 2. Institution-identity: a position authorized by authorities within institutions 3. Discourse-identity: an individual trait recognized in the discourse dialogue ofwith “rational” individuals 4. Affinity-identity: experiences shared in the practice of “affinity groups” Adopted from Gee, 2000, p. 100. The first category is nature-identity [N-identity], the way of looking at who I am and the answer may be ‘I am a girl’. This is given characteristics by nature and there is no control of it. N- identity is the “nature of person” and it is recognized by self or others. The second category is institution-identity [I- identity], the way of looking at who I am and the answer may be ‘I am a teacher’. It is not what the nature gives but it is a set of authorities under certain institution. Hence, there are specific duties in being a teacher and responsibilities upon the position. The third category is discourse identity [D-identity], the way of looking PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 12 at ‘who is she’ and the answer may be ‘she is charismatic’. This is about individual trait or personality which is recognized by others. Different to I- identity, D-identity can be nurtured to be better. The last category is affinity- identity [A-identity], the way of looking at who this person is and the answer may be ‘this is my friends’. This is to say that this identity category comes from a group or community with different backgrounds or characteristics of each member. It is also provides a sense of belonging. In accordance with the essence of identity, Murphey 1998; Singh and Richards 2006 suggest identity as “the conceptualization, conscious or not, teachers have of themselves” as cited in Izadinia, 2013, p. 694. It is to say that a teacher has an identity called teacher identity. However, teacher is ...an expert who is capable of imparting knowledge that will help learners to build, identify and to acquire skills that will be used to encounter the challenges in life. The teacher also provides to the learners knowledge, skills and values that enhance development. An educated person is capable of utilizing the available opportunities in both private and public sectors. The educated person can easily secure employment as well as having life skills that will enable himher to interact well in the society Senge, 2000, p. 26. This framework states that teacher is an expert who has a role to educate students and certain skills to interact with different students and society. In addition, as teachers, it is important to be concerned more on self-development by giving the students knowledge, skill, and value that will give both teachers and students development. In 2004, Beijaard et al. propose that teacher identity is one type of identities which defined variously. Yet, there is no definite meaning of it. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI