17
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter consists of six major sections. They are research method, research setting, research participants, instruments and data gathering technique,
data analysis technique, and research procedure. This research belongs to qualitative research since the data of this research were presented in words instead
of numbers and measures.
A. Research Method
The study belongs to qualitative research. Fraenkel and Wallen 1993, p. 380 stated that “a qualitative research is a research where the researcher
investigates the quality of relationship, activities, situations, or materials.” Since this research investigated the quality of the relationship between weekly reflection
and the microteaching students’ teaching skill improvement, this research was included in qualitative research. Moreover, the goal of this research was to find
out and to gain understanding about the importance of weekly reflection which was implemented in the Micro Teaching course toward the improvement of
microteaching students’ teaching skill. According to Ary et al. 2010, p.29, the goal of qualitative research is “a holistic picture and depth understanding, rather
than a numeric analysis of data. In more specific, this was a survey study. Survey study is a study in which
the researcher collects data or information from a group of people Fraenkel
18 Wallen, 1993, p.343. In this study, the researcher collected data through
document analysis from a group of sixth semester students of Micro Teaching class toward the effect of weekly reflection dealing with microteaching students’
teaching skill improvement. Moreover, this study was included into a sample survey. Based on Ary et al 2010, p.373 a sample survey is a survey that studies
only a portion of the population. This study did not gain data from all Micro Teaching students of academic year 2010 2011 of English Education Study
Program in Sanata Dharma University but it took a sample of the micro teaching students’ population.
B. Research Respondents
This study investigated a population of six semester students of English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University who were
taking Micro Teaching course in 20102011 academic year even semester. The data were gathered from April 27
th
to June 15
th
2011. Sprintall, Schmutte, and Sirois 1991, p.27 determined the “the term ‘population’ refers to the entire group
of people, things, or events that have at least one common trait.” Ary et al. 2002 state population as “all members of any well-defined
class of people, events, or objects”. However, the researcher only investigated the small group from the population. The reason was because the researcher wanted to
analyze deeper about the relationship between reflection and teaching skills improvement from a small group of micro teaching students. The researcher
thought that she could not analyze deeply if the respondents were all members of
19 micro teaching students. Thus, the researcher chose the small group of the
population to be her respondents. The small group of the population itself is called as a sample.
Fraenkel and Wallen 1993, p.79 described a sample in a research study as “the group on which information is obtained. While the larger group to which
one hopes to apply the result is called the population”. Furthermore, in this study, the researcher selected 12 students of a micro
teaching class. Those were the micro teaching students who practiced on the last four days on the first teaching presentation. The researcher applied purposive
sampling to select the respondents. Purposive sampling was applied in this study because of several reasons. The first one was to have efficient time in conducting
first observation. Ary et al. 2002. p.169 stated that a purposive sampling referred to as “sample elements judged to be typical, or representative, are chosen from the
population. Related to this theory, every member of the population has the same chance to give hisher contribution toward the study. The second reason was not
to differentiate the background knowledge of the micro teaching students. Thus, there would not be any subjectivity on the result of the study.
Unfortunately, there were two respondents who did not upload their reflection on the web blog. Therefore, the researcher decreased the number of
respondents since there were no data to be analyzed. Finally, the researcher had 10 respondents.
20
C. Instruments and Data Gathering Technique
Kategori