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knowledge from their students. In addition, Brinton in Richards and Rodgers, 2001:214 says at a more detailed level, teachers have to keep context and
comprehensibility foremost in their planning and presentations, they are responsible for selecting and adapting authentic materials for use in class, they
become students needs analysts, and they have to create truly learner-centered classrooms.
f. The Role of Learner
Richard and Rodgers state that in CBI, the students are expected to be autonomous so that they come to understand their own learning process and take
charge of their own learning from the very start 2001: 213. CBI implements the principle “learning by doing” so that the learners must be active participate in the
learning process. Learners are expected to be active interpreters of input, willing to tolerate uncertainty along the path of learning, willing to explore alternative
learning strategies, and willing to seek multiple interpretations of oral and written texts,
g. The Role of Materials
In CBI, the materials that facilitate language learning are the materials that are used typically with the subject matter of the content course. Richards and
Rodgers emphasize authenticity and comprehensibility of materials in CBI classrooms 2001:215. Authenticity implies that the materials are like the kinds
of materials used in native- language instruction that are not originally produced for language teaching purposes, for examples: newspaper ads, job vacancies,
tourist guidebooks. Comprehensibility implies the level of complexity of materials
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to be understood by the students. Comprehensibility of materials is characterized by a heavy use of instructional media. Brinton in Richards and Rodgers
2001:215 added that sometimes materials may need modification in order to ensure maximum comprehensibility.
4. Text-Based Instruction
Based on the basic competences in English curriculum 2013, the students are required to master the four language skills in a variety of context for
varied purposes using a range of text types and language functions. Concerning this, Text-Based Instruction approach should be taken into account.
Text-Based Instruction sees communicative competence as involving the mastery of different types of texts Richards, 2006:32. Texts can be defined as
structured sequences of language that are used in particular contexts and ways. Spoken texts may cover conversation with friends and family, telephone call,
presentation in workplace, etc. Written texts can be in the form of letters, information in newspaper, journals, etc.
5. English Learning Materials a. Definition
Materials become very crucial part in English teaching and learning. They help the students to expose themselves to language. Start from
comprehending what language is, the students can expand their knowledge to the use of language through materials they learn.
There are several definitions of materials proposed by some experts. Richard and Rodgers 2001:79 view materials as a way to influencing the quality
