Research Method RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

28

C. Research Instruments

There were two kinds of instruments used in this study. 1. Instrument in data collecting According to Oxford Advanced Learner’ Dictionary Hornby, 1995:952, questionnaire is a written or printed list of questions to be answered by a number of people, especially as part of a survey. According to Ary, Jacobs, and Razavieh 1990:418 as cited in Hanani 2005, a questionnaire is an instrument of the study to gather information through the respondents written responses to a list of questions. The questionnaire was written in Indonesian language which the purpose was to avoid misunderstanding of students. In this section the researcher used closed-ended questions so that the answer is appropriate with the researcher wants. This questionnaire is to gain data about the students and the teaching learning activities. Then, the research problem could be solved accurately. The next instrument was an interview. According to Ary, Jacobs, and Razavieh 2002:434, the interview is one of the most widely used instruments to gather data on subjects opinions, beliefs, and feelings about the situation. Interview was conducted by asking questions to the participant face to face. The questions were basically about their opinion about the activity of extracurricular English Club . The researcher conducted an interview to the English teachers. This interview would give information about the goal of English Club and also measure the students’ needs in extracurricular English Club. 29 2. Instrument in preliminary testing The next instrument was questionnaire which was distributed to English teachers and also the lecturer to obtain the evaluation and suggestion. The researcher asked the teachers and lecturer to evaluate the designed materials. The teachers and lecturer gave comments about the designed materials. 3. Instrument in field testing In field testing, the researcher distributed questionnaire to ask students responses and suggestion about the implementation of the materials design. The questions were about whether the designed materials were interesting or not.

D. Data Gathering Technique

The researcher used two kinds of instrument; questionnaire and interview. To obtain the data about the learners needs, the researcher distributed the first questionnaire to all students of this extracurricular. Then, the researcher conducted an interview to the English teacher who taught them to gain all the data about materials design for extracurricular English Club itself. After designing the materials, the second questionnaire was distributed to English teachers and a lecturer. The purpose was to get feedback on the proposed materials design in the form of opinions and suggestions. Based on the evaluation, the researcher made the revision of the product. After making the revision, the researcher conducted field testing in two meetings and continued by asking the students opinion and suggestion about the designed materials in the form of questionnaire. Finally, the 30 researcher revised the product based on the students feedback to produce the final product. The following table was the framework of the data needed. Table 3.1. Table of the Data Needed Research Question Data Needed Participants Instrument 1. What does the designed set of materials for extracurricular English Club in SMP Negeri 1 Muntilan look like? -students’ characteristic What is the reason of joining the extracurricular English Club? When did the students get English language learning? Do they join English course? What is the difficulty faced by the students? What is the obstacle of learning English? -students’ needs What activities do the students like? What activity will make the students get bored? What topics the students want to learn? What media do the students like? What method do the students like? -the goals, topics and general purposes Is the basic competence well formulated? Are the indicators well arranged? Are the topics suitable for teaching speaking? Student Students Teacher Teachers And Lecturer Questionnaire Questionnaire Interview Questionnaire 31 -the designed materials Are the tasks well elaborated? Are the pictures interesting enough? Does it suit the students’ level? Is Task- Based Learning developed in the materials? 2. What are the students’ responses to the implementation of the designed materials? - Is the topic interesting? - Is the implementation interesting? -Do the students enjoy join this course? -Do the students want to learn English more? -Are the activities interesting? -Do the students get bored? Students Questionnaire

E. Data Analysis Technique

Data analysis is a process to shift, organize, summarize and synthesize the data to arrive at some results and conclusion of the research Selinger and Shohamy, 1989: 201. Data from questionnaire and interview were analyzed to find out the students’ needs about the activity of this course. The conclusion was made related to the data gathering. The research questions will be analyzed by using the central tendency. To get the data about evaluation of acceptable evaluation and materials, the formula would be used: