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this model is suitable. The last, this model has a flexible process. The writer can move back and forth in her steps for designing the materials. However, Kemp’s models do
not apply a needs survey to collect the information about the students’ needs, interest and lack. Therefore, the writer uses Yalden’s Models to support this study. Yalden is
concerned with the importance of need survey in designing the materials. The modification of Kemp’s and Yalden’s models can provide a more applicable and
appropriate instructional model for this study. There are eight steps proposed in conducting the study:
1. Conducting A Needs Survey
This writer uses this step from Yalden’s model. In this step, a needs survey is carried out to find out the learners’ purpose related to their background and motivation
on learning English. The writer investigates the students to know the information about the language
skill needed by the students and why they need to improve the language skills as a material designer to formulate the goals of the instruction. The writer collects the
information about the students’ needs, interest and difficulties to learn English in an integrative way.
2. Stating Goal, Topics, and General Purposes
The next step is taken from Kemp’s model in order to determine the intended goals of instructional materials design. The goal of teaching English to elementary
school students is to develop the students’ English skills in reading, writing, listening, and also speaking. This objective will help the students to use English in an
integrative way. The writer uses the Communicative Approach since it can be used to teach all four skills. In this study, the writer also uses terms Basic Competence and
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Achievement Indicators to replace the terms Objectives. Then, the general purpose of each topic should be chosen after identifying the goal. The selected topics are taken
from the questionnaires and topics suggested by the respondents. The topic itself will be reflected based on the students’ needs, characteristics and goals. The chosen topics
must support the students’ effort to improve their English skills and are appropriate with their level of intelligence.
3. Identifying Learner’s Characteristics
This step is taken from Kemp’s model. It is important to know the learners’ characteristics since the materials are used to teach elementary students. Elementary
students are different from adult. Therefore, this part is needed to gain information about the student’s interest, needs, and talents in order to choose the appropriate
method, technique and media in teaching- learning process.
4. Stating Learning Objectives
