Figurative Language Definition of Terms

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

The second chapter of this research presents the literature review. It is divided into three parts. The first part presents review of previous studies. The second part presents theoretical description. The third part presents theoretical framework.

A. Review of Previous Studies

There are several studies on the use of songs. Widianti 2007 used a qualitative design as the instrument to gather data and used documentary study in the song lyrics of Coldplay band as the method to determine data. There were 22 songs of Coldplay band used. Before she analyzed the data using some components of Ethnography of Communication which was to describe the figurative meaning, she coded and labeled the songs. She was to find types of figurative language that were applied in the lyrics of Coldplay band using Ethnography of Communication theory. Then, the analysis showed that in the lyrics of 22 songs of Coldplay band chosen, there were six types of figurative language applied which were simile was 2, metaphor was 100, symbolism was 47, personification was 1, hyperbole was 9, and synecdoche was 9. Then, it could be concluded that the most figurative language frequently used was metaphor with 100 findings. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 11 Setiawan 2014 used 5 songs from Coldplay band which were Yellow, Clock, A Message, Fix You, and The Scientist to be researched. The research aimed to find what types of figurative language used in those song lyrics. To get the answer, he used qualitative research and content analysis as the approach to gather data and analyze them. It was stated in his research that he finally found out five types of figurative language in those song lyrics which were metaphor 80, simile 4, hyperbole 7, personification 7, and onomatopoeia 2. The most frequently figurative language type used was different from the first research even though the object was the same. It was metaphor with 80. Fridayani 2015 analyzed the existence of sound symbolism in lullabies and play songs in English language. She used 15 lullabies and 45 play songs selected from the internet. Those songs were analyzed using content analysis as the method and qualitative as the approach. To analyze the sound symbolism in the lullabies and play songs; she chose to categorize them into four categories which were corporeal, imitative, synesthetic, and conventional. Then, as stated in the research, it was found that there were 15 sound symbolic words in the lullabies and 116 sound symbolic words in the play songs. There were 6 conventional sound symbolic words, 6 sound symbolic words of combined categories, 3 imitative sound symbolic words found in the lullabies. Besides, there were 55 imitative sound symbolic words, 27 sound symbolic words of combined categories, 22 conventional sound symbolic words, 10 corporeal sound symbolic words, and 2 synesthetic sound symbolic words in the play songs. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI