Problem Formulation Objectives of the Study

Pretty Little Liars brings a unique way for analyzing the characters. It also can be seen through figurative language besides the psychology state. Sara Shepard as the author wants the readers to enjoy reading the book but also make them to realize that behind the beautiful language there are messages trying to deliver by the author. Then, Sara Shepard gives a special touch of figurative language for each major character. Novita Chang in her study An Analysis of Main Characters through Figurative Languages in A Pretty Little Liars: Flawless by Sara Shepard mentioned figurative language as one of “tool” can be used for analyzing the characters through the problem faced by the main characters itself.http:library.binus.ac.ideCollseThesisdocBab12008-2-00282- IG20Bab201.pdf The special touch of figurative language is given by the author indicates there is special implicit meaning tries to convey. Novita Chang catches that as opportunity to find the hidden message through the figurative language of the characters. Specifically, Novita Chang uses the second book of Pretty Little Liars titled Pretty Little Liars: Flawless on her research. She uses figurative language to find the real secret hid by the characters. It is because finding the characters ‟ secrets will lead her to the characteristic of characters. Novita Chang wants to find the characteristic of characters because she realizes that the characters are the main breath of Pretty Little Liar book. The characters in Pretty Little Liars are the main object in this book and understanding the characters lead to understand the book completely. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI There are many figurative languages use in Pretty Little Liars: Flawless. Novita Chang decides to bring her focus only on simile, personification, hyperbole, metaphor, symbol, and irony. Those kinds of figurative languages already help her to do her research for finding the characters. Novita Chang research builds an understanding that language can influence the characters and the characters can be revealed through language. Basically, every single thing has contact with the characters give the influence toward the characters itself although the characters do not want admit it. Last, Sara Shepard through Pretty Little Liars wants open the readers ‟ mind that there are a lot of factors influencing the individual characters, their ways of thinking, the standard of good and bad, also the happiness. Different from Katelyn Redding and Novita Chang, the writer will explore the moral values in Pretty Little Liars. The writer will analyze the moral values which are trying to tell by the author through major character. This focus makes the writer‟s analysis different from Katelyn Redding and Novita Chang.

B. Review of Related Theories

1. Theory of Character and Characterization

The character is an important role in literature work. The characters create a lot of curiosities to the readers. Guth and Rico stated that an author will set the characters fascinating which represent a variety of people in the world. Guth and Rico, 1997: 68 Because of that the readers are willing to hear more from the